Archive
OTHER SOURCE
IJERD is now being indexed with Index Copernicus, Google Scholar, Informatics, ProQuest, Research Gate,
Docstoc, Scribd, UlrichWeb, Internet Archive
Academia.edu, Computer Science Directory, Wepapers, Geond, Auburn University, Aalborg University,
Queen’s University, Goethe University
IJERD Menu
DOWNLOAD
IJERD Contents
IJERD Libraries
Open Access
QR Code
ISO Certified
IJERD : Volume 12 - Issue 9
Version - 1 (September 2016) |
Wasi Z. Khan, Imad Najeeb |
||||||||
| Modeling of Pressure Drop in a Catalytic Distillation Column With Bale Packing for Tertiary Butyl Alcohol production | ||||||||
The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique was used to investigate the aerodynamics of
catalytic Bale packing (used for the synthesis of tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA) in a pilot scale catalytic distillation
column) using commercial CFD software Fluent 6.1. The global porosity of catalytic bales was considered
instead of geometrical features for 2D simplification. The pressure drop simulations were performed and the
results compared with the experimental studies. The CFD pressure drop results achieved by combination of
power law and polynomial model were found to be in good agreement with the experimental data. The pressure
drop results show that wall wipers reduce the pressure drop in the column significantly by increasing gas radial
velocity and lower the gas axial velocity.
CFD, User defined Scalars, Bales packing, and Pressure drop modeling
[1]. Sanmacher K., and Kienle A., "Reactive distillation", Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH co. Weinheim, 2003. [2]. Harris C. K., Roekacets D., Rosendal F. J., GGK., Bu, Kendjk P, Daskopulos, Vreenegoor A. J. N., and Wang H., "Computational Fluid Dynamics for Chemical Reactor", Chem. Engg. Sci., Vol.51, pp. 1569-1576, 1996. [3]. Dudukovic M. P., "Trends in catalytic reaction engineering", Catalysis Today, Vo.48 (1-4), pp. 5-15, 1999. [4]. Higler A. P., Krishna R. Ellenberger J. Taylor R., "Counter current operation of structured catalytic bed reactor; Liquid phase mixing and mass transfer", Chem. Engg. Sci., Vol.54, pp. 5145-1551, 1999. [5]. Gulik C. V., "Using computational fluid dynamics to calculate transversal dispersion in a structured packed bed", Comp. Chem. Eng., Vol.22, pp. 767-772, 1998.
|
Vidyaprasad Desai, Parth Gunjal, Prateek Chougule |
||||||||
Structural Durability Analysis of AL2024 T4 |
||||||||
This paper concerns the stress concentration due to the geometric discontinuity in the structure and
its effect on durability. The typical aluminium 2024-T3 alloy sheet with the holes provided for the riveting
purpose is considered as a specimen. The numerical investigation is carried out to predict the behaviour of a
plate with multiple holes under the fatigue. The effect of manufacturing processes and other geometrical
parameters on the fatigue life is studied to increase the fatigue life. The study is verified by experimentation
Fatigue Life, Durability, Stress concentration, Aluminium AL2024 T4, Fatigue life optimization
[1]. Murlio Augusto 'Three Dimensional Stress Concentration Factor in Finite Width Plates with Circular
Holes', World Journal of Mechanics, 3, 153-159,2013 [2]. David Warren Whitely 'Interacting stress concentration factors and their effect on fatigue metallic aero structures' Doctoral Dissertations. Paper (2013) [3]. S.A.Meguid 'Finite element analysis of a defence hole systems for the reduction of stress concentration factor in a uniaxial loaded plate with two coaxial holes', engineering fracture mechanics Vol. 25. No. 4, pp. 403-413, (2000) [4]. C.R.Chiang 'A numerical method for solving elasticity problems: Applications to the problems of an infinite plate containing two circular holes', Computers and structures Vol. 30. No. 5, pp. 1199-1205, 2002
|
||||||||
Rita Mahajan, Deepak Bagai |
||||||||
Cognitive Radio Technology: Introduction and its Applications |
||||||||
The essential component for wireless communication networks is the frequency spectrum which is limited and a natural resource. Major part of this resource is sold by the regulatory bodies/governments to the service providers for mobile communications and broadcast for commercial usage. Some part of spectrum is used for military and security purposes. Remaining, like ISM bands are available free of charge for public use. As these bands are getting overcrowded day by day and at the same time sold spectrum is underutilized. These results in the need of intelligent and adaptive systems for a radio to access the spectrum called cognitive radio. In this paper we have discussed the cognitive radio and its various phases. Then various definitions to cognitive radio given by different institutions are presented. Standards which have been developed for cognitive radio and applications of cognitive radio technology have been discussed.
Cognitive radio, cognitive radio technology, cognitive radio standards, cognitive radio applications.
[1]. DARPA XG Working Group (2003a) The XG Vision, Request for Comments, version 2.0, prepared by: BBN Technologies, 2003, pp 1-17. Available at http://www.ir.bbn.com/~ramanath/pdf/rfc_ vision.pdf. [2]. Kumar, A., Sengupta, J., & Liu, Y. F. (2012) "3GPP LTE: The Future of Mobile Broadband", Wireless Personal Communications, Vol. 62, No, 3, 2012, pp 671-686.
|
||||||||
Carlos Figueroa N., Rafael Castillo O., Gonzalo Moroyoqui E |
||||||||
Significant Deductions of Dynamic Systems in Vectorial Mechanics |
||||||||
Important results of the vector mechanics are developed in an explicitly and educational form. The
first calculation is a link for the algebraic process to obtain the acceleration in polar coordinates, once in
curvilinear motion is usual to determine the radius of curvature, for example, in calculating the tangential
acceleration; here the determined formula is explained. Finally, in the general model of collisions or impacts, the
task is solving a system of simultaneous equations, which produces the conservation of energy and motion laws,
which is useful also to understand the coefficient of restitution method. The three methods are commonly used
in vector mechanics, however, almost always their elucidation is omitted. Our purpose is to provide in science
and engineering, these significant deductions, in order to improve lessons and benefit to a better understanding
and application of such models to real problems.
Kinetic energy, conservation laws, collisions, radius of curvature.
[1]. F. Beer y E.R. Johnston, (1998) Mecánica Vectorial para Ingeniería, Dinámica, sexta edición, Edit. McGraw Hill, México, pp. 794-796. [2]. A. Bedford y W. Fowler, (2008) Mecánica para Ingeniería, Dinámica, quinta edición, Edit. Pearson Prentice Hall, México, pp. 68-70. [3]. R.C. Hibbeler, (2010) Ingeniería Mecánica, decima segunda edición, Prentice Hall, pp. 68-70, México. [4]. M.F. Ferreira Da Silva, (2008) Revista Mexicana de Física, 54 (1), pp. 65-74.
|
||||||||
Marcus Gartiwa |
||||||||
Vernacularism's Climatic Adaptation of Sustainability's Culture |
||||||||
Fulfillment of human need is the goal of vernacular architecture, which has been developed to be close relationship with human culture. Such wisdom as genie loci which has been implemented in nonengineered
construction, which has great response to; 1) the occupants's need, b) the physical environment, c) ecological-oriented. Various Sundanese Kampung Adat (indigenous kampongs) in West Java, Indonesia has implemented the wisdom in promoting architecture paradigms, such as ; 1) buildings which physically last long, little maintenance, and save in energy, 2) the way architecture and environment in fostering man's spirit. Its realization is climatic adaptation within the sustainability's culture............
Vernacularism's Climatic, Adaptation, Sustainability's culture
[1]. Blust , R . Austronesian Culture History : Some Linguistic Inferences and Their Relations to the
archaeological record . World Archaeology 8 (1) : 19 – 43, 1976. [2]. Dorst , M.J van & Duijvestein , CAJ, . Concept of Sustainable Development.In The International Sustainable Development Research Conference – Conference Proceedings 29 – 30 March , University of Manchester , UK . 2004 [3]. Domenig , G. (1996). Features of Traditional Architecture of Western Indonesia . IAP –Discussion Paper 2 ,May 24 , 1996 . [4]. Francis , Mark . Village Homes : A Community by Design , Washington DC :Landscape Architecture Foundation , Island Press, 2003. [5]. Kukreja , CP ., Tropical Architecture , Tata McGraw – Hill Publishing CompanyLimited , New Delhi, 1978.
|
||||||||
Phuntsog Tundup, M. A. Wani, Sonam Dawa, Shabber Hussain, Konchok Ishey |
||||||||
Effect of Terracing on Soil Erosion in High Altitude Cold Arid Region-(Leh Ladakh) of J&K |
||||||||
Leh district is situated between 31-36° N latitude and 76-80° E longitude with an altitude ranging
from 2500 to 6000 m above mean sea level. Leh is the largest district in the country with an area of 45,100 Km
2
.
Soil erosion is the main problem of the cold desert region. Terracing is one of the oldest means of saving soil
and water. The objective of this paper is to provide information on the different types of terraces and to describe
advantages and disadvantages of terraces regarding their efficacy to stop or reduce soil erosion. It is observed
that terraces can considerably reduce soil loss due to water erosion if they are well planned, correctly
constructed and properly maintained. If not maintained, they can provoke land degradation. Terracing has to be
combined with additional soil conservation practices, of which the most important one is the maintenance of a
permanent soil cover. There are several disadvantages to terracing. A future challenge is to develop conservation
practices that are also productive.
Leh, Terracing, Erosion, degradation, Productive
[1]. C.P. Harden, Interrelationships between land abandonment and land degradation: A case from the Ecuadorian Andes. Mountain Research and Development 16(3): 274-280, 1996. [2]. D. Bertolini, P. A. Galetti, and M. I. Drugowich, Tipos e formas de terraços. In: Simpósio sobre terraceamento agrícola, Campinas, SP. Anais. Fundação Cargill, Campinas: pp. 79-98, 1989. [3]. FAO, Manual on integrated soil management and conservation practices. FAO Land and Water Bulletin 8, Rome, Italy: pp. 230, 2000.
|
||||||||
James F. Hunsucker III, Andrew D. Lowery, Ph.D, James E. Smith, Ph.D |
||||||||
Plasma Igniter, the Next Gen Ignition System |
||||||||
To achieve current and future United States CAFE standards, as well as fuel economy and emission
requirements in Europe and the rest of the globe, manufacturers are implementing several strategies: reducing
vehicle size and weight, increasing power plant complexity by adding turbo and superchargers, modifying the
combustion and emission cleanup environment, and introducing a broader range of hybrid and all electric
vehicles.
Additionally, to take advantage of the enormous increase in natural gas production in the United States and
elsewhere, natural gas and multi-fuel vehicles are increasing in market share, which will require significant
design and development considerations in the near future...........
Plasma Igniter, Ignition, QWCCR, Internal Combustion Engine, Lean Burn, Diagnostics
[1]. R. P. Craven, K. L. Van Voorhies, T. J. Bonazza and J. E. Smith, "Radio Frequency Coaxial Cavity
Resonator As An Ignition Source and Associated Method". United States Patent US 5361737, 8
November 1994. [4]. F. A. Pertl and J. E. Smith, "Compact Electromagnetic Plasma Igniter". United States Patent 8888683,
18 November 2014.
|
||||||||
A.Surendra Babu, K.Gopi Sankar |
||||||||
Experimental Study on Sand Replacement with Bagasse Ash& Crusher Stone Dust in Concrete Pavement |
||||||||
This paper presents the findings on the strength and cost effects of using sugarcane bagasse ash and
crusher dust blended in the concrete as sand replacement in pavement construction. Literature survey in line
with this project shows a high potential for partial replacement of sand in concrete with bagasse ash and crusher
stone dust which give the better results when these two materials are mixed up in the partial replacement of sand
which gives a good cement concrete pavement for constructing a better strength pavement...........
Natural sand, Sugar Cane Bagasse ash (SCBA), Crusher stone dust (SD), Compressive strength,
Flexural strength, Workability
[1]. Prashant O Modani, M.R. Vyawahare, "Utilization of Bagasse Ash as a Partial Replacement of Fine
Aggregate in Concrete," Science Direct, pp. 25-29, 2013
|
||||||||
Aphasana Shahanvaj Mulla, K.P.Paradeshi |
||||||||
Development of novel algorithm by combining Wavelet based Enhanced Canny edge Detection and Adaptive Filtering Method for Human Emotion Recognition |
||||||||
In this paper we have proposed a new method to recognize human emotions in which a combination
of wavelet-based canny edge detection and adaptive filtering is used for detection of human emotions. In the
first stage edge detection carried out using wavelet based canny edge detection method. In second stage
adaptive filtering is designed for noise cancellation of decomposed noisy signal. Applying combination of
wavelet based canny algorithm and adaptive filtering method we arrive at a better result of human emotion
recognition.
Adaptive filtering, Canny algorithm, Edge detection, Median Filtering, Wavelet.
[1]. WeibinRong, Zhanjing Li, Wei Zhang and Lining Sun "An Improved Canny Edge Detection Algorithm"Proceedings of 2014 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation
August 3 - 6, Tianjin, China. [3]. Yubing Dong, Mingjing Lib, Jie Li"Image Retrieval Based on Improved Canny Edge Detection
Algorithm"2013 International Conference on Mechatronic Sciences, Electric Engineering and
Computer (MEC)Dec 20-22, 2013, Shenyang, China.
|
||||||||
Ghassan H. Abdullah, Mohammed A. Kadhom |
||||||||
Studying of two choline chloride's deep eutectic solvents in their aqueous mixtures |
||||||||
Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) are an interesting category of solvents that recently getting more
attention due to their unique properties. DESs proved their reliability in many applications which made them
overcoming the traditional solvents. In this work, two deep eutectic solvents choline chloride: urea and choline
chloride: glycerol having molar ratio of 1:2 respectively were prepared and characterized. Different water
content, 0, 3, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 75 wt. %, were added and the effect was studied. Cyclic voltammetry, viscosity,
density and thermogravimetric analysis have been investigated and reported in this research. The viscosity was
studied as a function of temperature at normal and high temperatures and as a function of shear rate at low
temperature. For our best awareness, the non-Newtonian behavior of the above two DESs is first reported in
this work. The shear rate effected the viscosity of the mixtures at low temperatures; thereby, by increasing the
applied shear rate, the viscosity of the mixtures decreased at a fixed temperature.
......................................
[1]. Francois Jerome, "Deep Eutectic Solvents: Syntheses, Properties and Applications", Chem. Soc. Rev.,
2012, 41, 7108–7146
|
||||||||