In-filled frame structures are commonly used in buildings, even in those located in seismically active regions. Present IS-codes and others unfortunately, do not have adequate guidance for treating the modeling, analysis and design of in-filled frame structures. In this study all theories (techniques for modeling the infill-frame interface) are described and then one method has been applied to study the seismic response of in-filled frame structures. In this study infill walls are modeled as an equivalent diagonal strut while analysis. Work has been carried out for 20 storey infill structure in which the bottom storey height is varied and different combinations of infill wall are analyzed. All these models have been compared with bare frame structure...................

[1]. Agarwal Pankaj & Shirkhande Manish (2006), "Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures" by Prentice-Hall, of India Private Limited, New Delhi. ISBN-978-81-203-2892-1.
[2]. Amato Giuseppina, Fossetti Marinella, Cavaleri Liborio, Papia Maurizio (2009), "An Updated Model of Equivalent Diagonal Strut For Infill Panels" Università di Palermo, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale, Aerospaziale e Geotecnica, Italy, cavaleri@diseg.unipa.it E. Cosenza (ed), Eurocode 8 Perspectives from the Italian Standpoint Workshop, pp. 119-128, Doppiavoce, Napoli, Italy.
[3]. Baran Mehmet and Sevil Tugce (2010), "Analytical and experimental studies on infilled RC Frames" International Journal of the Physical Sciences Vol. 5(13), pp. 1981-1998, 18 October, 2010 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/IJPS ISSN 1992 - 1950 Academic Journals.
[4]. Das Diptesh and Murty C.V.R. (2004), "Brick Masonry infills in Seismic Design of RC Framed Building Part 1 – Cost implications", The Indian Concrete Journal, pp. 39 – 44,
[5]. Source: http://www.iitk.ac.in/nicee/RP/2004_Cost_Implications_ICJ.pdf, March 2011

The Byramnagala Lake is located at Bidadi , Ramanagram Taluk, Bangalore Rural District on latitude 12'47''N and longitude 77'20''E,provided water security in a region with variable rainfall and moderate discharge in the yesteryears. But due to urbanization and industrialization from past many years the lake has been highly polluted but people are still dependent on the water for various other purposes. Hence in the paper study has been conducted to determine the quality of water in the lake and to determine geohydrological parameters such as water spread area of the lake is known from Remote sensing Images, infiltration capacity of soil empirically Hence the study helps in lake water restoration, rejuvenation and development of water body.

[1]. H.CHANDRASHEKAR, Dr.K.V.LOKESH "Integrated studies on tank catchment management using remote sensing and geographical information system", International Journal of engineering research and technology.ISSN:2278/0181 Volume-3 Issue 5th May 2014.
[2]. MALLIKA SA RAF1 ,Dr. SINDHU J. NAIR2 " RESTORATION AND CONSERVATION OF URBAN LAKES" International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development Volume 2,Issue 6,June-2015 e-ISSN(O): 2348-4470p-ISSN(P): 2348-6406
[3]. Mohamad Ayob Mohamadi, Ataollah Kavian " Effects of rainfall patterns on runoff and soil erosion in field plots "volUME 3 issue 4, December 2015, Pages 273-281Science DIRECT
[4]. Violettee Geiseen,Han Mol, "Emerging pollutants in the environment: A challenge for water resource management" vOLUME 3 ,ISSUE 11 March 2015, Pages 57-65 281Science DIRECT

The maximum flow problem is one of the combinatorial optimization problems. The objective of the problem is to find maximum amount of flow from the source to the sink in a network. Due to lack of information in some networks, different types of uncertainty in arc capacities arise. To deal with such situations some scholars consider the arc capacities as random variable or fuzzy variable and solve the problem using probability theory and fuzzy theory. In absence of sufficient data for fitting of appropriate probability distribution for arc capacities or unobservable conditions for measuring arc capacities, neither probability theory nor fuzzy set theory shall be applicable. In this situation, subjective estimation of arc capacities is done by the experts who are inclined to estimate the values in form of certain range as per their belief degree. These estimates can be best characterized by rough variables. In this paper, we have studied maximum flow problem using rough variables as arc capacities and augmenting path algorithm is used to find the sure maximum flow and possible maximum flow. Further, two compromise solutions are proposed using uncertainty theory.

[1]. H. Frank and S.L. Hakimi, "Probabilistic flows through a communication network," IEEE Trans. on circuit theory, vol.12(3), pp. 413-414, 1965.
[2]. H. Frank and I.T. Frisch, Communication Transmission and Transportation Network, Addison – Wesley, 1971
[3]. K. Kim and F. Roush," Fuzzy flows on network", Fuzzy Sets and Systems, vol. 8(1), pp.35-38, 1982.
[4]. S. Chanas and W. Kolodziejczyk," Maximum flow in a network with fuzzy arc capacities", Fuzzy Sets and Systems, vol.8(2), pp.165-173, 1982.
[5]. S. Chanas and W. Kolodziejczyk," Real-valued flows in a network with fuzzy arc capacities," Fuzzy Sets and Systems, vol.13(2), pp.139-151, 1984

Significant investments are being made yearly to improve service quality and delivery in banking systems to minimize customers‟ dissatisfactions with long waiting time due to overcrowding. However, to address this problem, most existing empirical studies are limited only to cash deposit transaction modelling for deposit slip mode of cash payment. This paper developed a model for bank cash deposit transactions involving both Deposit Slip (DS) and Point of Sale (POS) using Hierarchical Timed Coloured Petri Nets (HCPN). The Primary data required for model development in this study were acquired from a reputable bank in Nigeria. The data were statistically analyzed using EasyFit Simulation software to determine the model parameters (the distribution of the inter-arrival times of customers entering the banking hall for DS and POS services and the distribution of the service times for servers)...........

[1]. Chafle, G Sameep, M, and Gyana, R. P. (2009): " Towards providing value based differentiated qos". Services Computing Conference.
[2]. Dhillon, I.S., David, C. H., and Brian, J. R. (2009): "Determining the Effectiveness of Specialized Bank Tellers". Proceedings of the 2009 Industrial Engineering Research Conference, pp.1-6.
[3]. Ganiyu, R. A., Olabiyisi, S. O., Omidiora, E. O., Okediran, O. O. and Alo, O. O. (2011a): "Modelling and Simulation of a Multi_Phase Traffic Light Controlled T-Type junction using Timed coloured Petri Nets". American Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 428 - 437.
[4]. Ganiyu, R. A., Olabiyisi, S. O., Omidiora, E. O., Okediran, O. O. And Alo O.O. (2011b): "Modelling and validation of a multi-phase traffic light controlled cross-type intersection using timed coloured petri nets". American Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research. Vol. 2 No 5, pp. 807-819.
[5]. Huang, Y. S. and Chung, T. H. (2011): "Modelling and analysis of air traffic control systems using hierarchical timed coloured Petri nets". Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control, Vol. 1, No 33, pp. 30 – 49.

Depleting in the fossil fuel and increasing the demand of renewable energy sources have forced researchers to study the concept nonconventional energy sources and explore the best potentials associated with it. Wind turbine and micro hydro turbine with induction generator are considered as alternative choice for fossil fuel depletion. Fixed speed wind turbine is common problem in wind power plants. In fact, being equipped with a squirrel-cage induction generator (SCIG), they tend to drain a relevant amount of reactive power from the grid, potentially causing voltage drops and voltage instability. Wind turbines with isolated mode and with grid connected mode induction generator are being used to generate electrical energy. Grid conneted induction generator found more application as it requires no external excitation...............

[1]. Anamika Kumari, Dr. A. G. Thosar, S. S. Mopari ," A Review on Various Approaches for Determination of Excitation Capacitance of a Three Phase Self Excited Induction Generator" IJMER vol 4 issue 5 may 2015
[2]. Kamel RM, Chaouachi A, Nagasaka K., "Wind power smoothing using fuzzy logic pitch controller and energy capacitor system for improvement micro-grid performance in island mode.", Energy 2010;35:2119e29.
[3]. Chowdhury MA, Hosseinzadeh N, Shen WX, "Smoothing wind power fluctuations by fuzzy logic pitch angle controller." ,Renew Energy February 2012; 38(1):224e33.
[4]. Amutha, N, Kalyan Kumar, B., "Improving fault ride-through capability of wind generation system using DVR", Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2013, 46, 326–333.
[5]. L. Dusonchet, F. Massaro and E. Telaretti, "Transient stability simulation of a fixed speed wind turbine by Matlab/Simulink," IEEE conference on Clean Electrical Power, 21-23 May 2007

In this experimental investigation the behavior of High-Performance Concrete (HPC) with silicafume and flyash were studied. HPC used in this study was manufactured by usual ingredients such as pozolonic cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, portable water and admixtures both mineral and chemical such as Silica Fume (SF) and Fly ash at various replacement levels and with Super Plasticizer. The water cement ratio (w/c) adopted is 0.30. In this investigation the concrete was proportioned to target a mean strength of 60 MPa. Specimens such as cubes, cylinders and prism beams were cast and tested for various mixes. Seven mixes M1 to M7 were cast with 0%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% replacement of silica fumeand 10% constant replacement of Fly ash to study the mechanical properties such as compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength at 7 and 28 days.

[1]. Amir Fam, Bart Filsak, and Sami Rizkalla, " Experimental and Analytical Modelling of Concrete- Filled Fiber- Reinforced Polymer Tubes Subjected to Combined Bending and Axial Loads", ACI Structural Journal, V.100, No 4, July – August 2003.
[2]. Chien- Hung Lin, Shih-Ping Lin and Chih-Han Tseng ., "High-Workability Concrete Columns under Concentric Compression" ACI Structural Journal, V.101, No.1, January-February 2004.
[3]. Indian Standard 456-2000 "Plain & R.C- Codes of practice "(Fourth Revision).
[4]. Malathy,R, Subramanian.K, "Role of Admixtures in Reducing Permeability and Corrosion of High Performance Concrete" CE&CR December 2006.
[5]. MadhuKhuntia and S.K.Ghosh, "Flexural Stiffness of Reinforced Concrete Columns and Beams: Analytical Apporach" ACI Strctural Journal V101.No 3, May-June 2004.

Design modeling of the reaction kinetics of methane-methanol-DME is a single reaction series of parallel methane to dimethyl ether (DME). The reaction scheme is explained through a single reactants that can be converted into several products with different kinetic equations different. The reaction of series successive reactions through the reaction intermediate which then reacts to form products. Development of kinetic models mathematically through simulation consecutive reactions. In this research study will be conducted to obtain data on the kinetic parameters of series reaction of methanol into DME with a catalyst CuOZnO/ -Al2O3 with main composition of 1:1:1 were prepared using ZnSO4 solution and CuSO4.5H2O.............

[1]. Aguayo, A.T., Ereña, J., Sierra, I., Arandes, J.M., Olazar, M., Bilbao, J., 2005, Deactivation and regeneration of hybrid catalysts in the single-step synthesis of dimethyl ether from syngas and CO2, Catal. Today 106, 265-270.
[2]. Aguayo, A.T., Ereña, J., Mier, D., Arandes, J.M., Olazar, M., Bilbao, J., 2007, Kinetic modeling of dimethyl ether synthesis in a single step on a CuO-ZnO-Al2O3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 46, 5522-5530.
[3]. Akarmazyan, S.S., Panagiotopoulou, P., Kambolis, A., Papadopoulou, C., Kondarides, D.I., 2012, Methanol dehydration to dimethylether over Al2O3 catalysts, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., in press, doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.11.043
[4]. Arcoumanis, C., Bae, C., Crookes, R., Kinoshita, E., 2008, The potential of di-methyl ether (DME) as an alternative fuel for compression-ignition engines: a review, Fuel 87, 1014-1030.
[5]. Bercic, G., Levec, J., 1992, Intrinsic and global reaction rate of methanol dehydration over γ-Al2O3 pellets, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 31, 1035-1040.

Locating and tracking human faces is a prerequisite for face recognition and/or facial expressions analysis, although it is often assumed that a normalized face image is available. In this paper, we try and propose faster yet efficient system which can detect potential face regions with accuracy of over 90%. We use skin colour based model for the experiment. The paper includes the experiment details along with the detail functionality. The entire experiment was hand coded and executed using a live actual camera.

[1]. Sanjay Kr. Singh1, D. S. Chauhan2, Mayank Vatsa3, Richa Singh3, "A Robust Skin Color Based Face Detection Algorithm", Tamkang Journal of Science and Engineering, Vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 227-234 (2003).
[2]. Waqar Mohsin, Noman Ahmed, Chung-Tse Mar, "Face Detection Project", EE368 Digital Image Processing, Spring 2002-2003, Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University.
[3]. Amir Faizi, "Robust Face Detection Using Template Matching Algorithm", A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Masters of Applied Science Graduate, Department of Electrical Engineering University of Toronto.
[4]. http://www-cs-students.stanford.edu/~robles/ee368/main.html
[5]. http://cnx.org/content/m12348/latest/

Tourism enhances nearly all aspects of our society. Apart from that it is important to economic changes, Human socio cultural activities and environmental development. The study was undertaken to improve the tourism possibilities of upstream portion of regulator cum bridges by applying implementable eco-friendly and low cost alternatives at the upstream portion. This paper deals with the design and construction of floating dock island at upstream to improve the tourism possibilities. The design was prepared based on Chamravattom regulator cum bridge upstream portion.

[1]. Levathes, Louise (1994). When China Ruled the Seas. Oxford University Press. p. 77. ISBN 978-0-19-511207-8.
[2]. Needham, Joseph (1986). Science and Civilization in China: Volume 4 Part 3. Taipei: Caves Books, Ltd. Page 660
[3]. Sarton 1946, p. 153.
[4]. Sarton 1946, pp. 153f.
[5]. "Meyer WerftbautgrößteDockhalle der Welt". Spiegelonline. 2008-01-18. Retrieved 2009-06-25.

Media streaming applications assumed importance as they can render multimedia services to subscribers. They became popular of late with innovative technologies like cloud computing. Cloud data centres and their scalability and availability made these applications prosper. They are associated with Video on Demand (VoD). These applications do have huge number of subscribers across the globe. Provided this fact, the subscriptions are increasing in exponential fashion. This has caused the cloud based media streaming providers an issue pertaining to resource allocation. The main problem is that when more resources are allocation, the streaming quality is good but there is wastage of resources..............

[1]. [1] S. Islam, J. Keung, K. Lee, and A. Liu, "Empirical prediction models for adaptive resource provisioning in the cloud," Future Gener. Comput. Syst., vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 155–162, 2012.
[2]. [2] Y. C. Lee and Y. Albert, "Zomaya: Rescheduling for reliable job completion with the support of clouds," Future Gener. Comput.Syst., vol. 26, no. 8, pp. 1192–1199, 2010.
[3]. [3] D. Niu, Z. Liu, B. Li, and S. Zhao, "Demand forecast and performance prediction in peer-assisted on-demand streaming systems," in Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Commun., 2011, pp. 421–425.
[4]. [4] S. Peichang, W. Huaimin, Y. Gang, L. Fengshun, and W. Tianzuo, "Prediction-based federated management of multi-scale resources in cloud," Adv. Inform. Sci. Serv. Sci., vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 324–334, 2012.
[5]. [5] G. Gursun, M. Crovella, and I. Matta, "Describing and forecasting video access patterns," in Proc. IEEE Infocom Mini-Conf., 2011, pp. 16–20.

Slab is one of the component or element in the residential or industrial buildings. Many times the slabs are subjected to uniformly distributed loads and this case may consider in the design process also. Point loads and varying loads are also seen for slabs in special cases. Among many type of loads due to point loads the slabs may subjected to flexure and shear. In the view of shear, one way and two way shear are consider in slab design and checks are also consider during design process. In flat slab design, this is major concern and utmost importance is provided to safe guard the slab against the punching failure. The present review article emphasis on the two-way or punching shear behaviour for slabs elements. The detailed works taken up to 2016 (year) in the arena were noticed in this article.

[1]. Angelo Carfatelli, Stefania Imperatore, Alberto Meda, Zila Rinaldi,Punching shear behaviour of light weight fibre reinforced concrete slab, Composites Part B, 99 (2016) pp257-265.
[2]. Andre F.O.Almeida, Micael M.G.Inacio, Valter J.G.Lucio, Anton Pinho Ramos, Punching behaviour of RC flat slabs under reversed horizontal cyclic loading, Engineering Structures 117 (2016) pp204-219.
[3]. A.M.T.Hassan, G.H.Mahmud, S.W.Jones, C.Whitford,A new test method for investigating punching shear strength in Ultra High performance Fibre reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) slabs, Composite structures 131 (2015) pp832-841.
[4]. AikateriniS.Genikomsou, Maria Anna Polak,Finite element analysis of punching shear of concrete slabs using damaged plasticity model in ABAQUS,Engineering structures 98 (2015) pp38-48.
[5]. Abu N.M.Faruk, Sang I.Lee, Jun Zhang, Bhaven Naik, LubindaF.Walubita, Measurement of HMA shear resistance potential in the lab: The simple punching shear test, Construction and Building Materials 99 (2015) pp62-72.

This paper examines the prospects for rural areas within the information society, referring particularly to the European Union experience. The next round of agricultural growth offers a huge potential for welfare enhancement provided the policies are robust enough to bring a paradigm shift in the manner in which the expected growth in productivity is to be achieved the conventional source of productivity enhancement, especially since the green revolution, has centred input incentive practices. The challenge now is to shift towards knowledge / employment intensive systems of agricultural production. Achieving this would require a more nuanced approach, which incorporate differential agro-ecological features on the one hand and employment livelihood needs on the other.............

[1]. Seamus Grimes, (2000) Rural areas in the Information Society: diminishing distance or increasing learning capacity? Journal of Rural Studies ,13-21.
[2]. Amita Shah, (2006) Changing Scenario in Agriculture and Rural Employment. The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Vol. 49, No. 4
[3]. Niti Mehta, (1990-2005), Changing Employment and Enterprise Structure in Gujarat.
[4]. Madhya Pradesh – The Skills Ecosystem, A Report.
[5]. Debashish Bhowmick (2014), ICT in Education in India. Eductracks, October 2014, Volume 14-No. 2 pp- 12-15

This Paper represents the need of Hybrid Energy system and the usage of Evolutionary algorithm for Hybrid Renewable Energy system.Nowadays Hybrid Power system like Wind-Turbine/PV is preferred because of reliability and cost effectiveness.But in order to maintain the Reliability, Renewable energy sources requires energy storage devices like Batteries .During the faults or load variation or poor quality power generation energy storage devices plays an crucial role,by discharging the suitable amount of power in order to balance the generation and load.In these paper we are controlling both generation side as well as load side through EMS..............

[2]. G. Shafiullah, M. Amanullah, A. ShawkatAli, P. Wolfs P. (February 2013), Smart Grid for a Sustainable Future, Smart Grid and Renewable Energy, Scientfic Research, pp. 23-34.
[3]. S. Collier, "Ten steps to a smarter grid," IEEE Ind. Appl. Mag., vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 62–68, 2010.
[4]. J. A. Turner, "A realizable renewable energy future," Sci., vol. 285, no. 5428, pp. 687–689, 1999.
[5]. "Exploration of High-Penetration Renewable Electricity Futures," Tech. Rep. National Renewable Energy Lab., 2012.
[6]. T.Wiedmann and J. Minx, A Definition of "Carbon Footprint‟. Hauppauge, NY, USA: Nova Science, 2008.
[7]. J. Carrasco, L. Franquelo, J. Bialasiewicz, E. Galvan, R. Guisado, M. Prats, J. Leon, and N. Moreno-Alfonso, "Power-electronic systems for the grid integration of renewable energy sources: A survey," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 1002–1016, 2006.

In Kinshasa, the Mont-Amba region is subjected to a soil degradation whose considerable evidence is the manifestation of erosions within and around the University of Kinshasa. Implementation of afforestation / reforestation as an alternative to rebuild soil stability and fertility from Trema orientalis, one of the rapidly growing local species, however raises problems with the low germination rate of the species. In this study, we compare the germinative method and cuttings of different T. orientalis trees in Kinshasa. The different mother trees of the species by their characteristics allowed the prediction on the T. orientalis population's heterogeneity in Kinshasa. After experimentation, the germinative method was statistically superior to the cuttings. The individuals of T. orientalis in Kinshasa do not have the same characteristics.

[1]. Administrative map of Kinshasa, 2012.Wikipédia, october 5th 20017, 10:21 GMT.
[2]. Alfaro, J. A.M., Feng, Z., DeAngelis, D.L.,Schmidt, J.,Barga, M., Zheng, Y., Tamrin, M. H.B.A., Olson, M., Glaser, T., Kielland, K., Chapin, F.S. and Bryant, J. 2012. Plant toxins and trophic cascades alter fire regime and succession on a boreal forest landscape. Ecological Modelling, 244:79-92.
[3]. Aubreville A., 1949. Ancienneté de la destruction de la couverture forestière primitive de l'Afrique tropicale. Bulletin agricole du Congo-belge, XL (2) : 1348-1352. Bruxelles.
[4]. Biloso M.A., 2008. Valorisation des produits forestiers non ligneux des plateaux de Bateke en périphérie de Kinshasa., Fac. Sc, ULB (Belgique), Thèse de doctorat, 252 p.
[5]. Bryene H., 1976. Quelques observations sur la germination des graines d'Harungana madagascariensis LAM ex Poir (Guttiferae). In Bull. soc. Roy. Bot. Belg. 109 : 109-116.

The main objective of this study was the evaluation of the influence of the systems in maintaining the soil related to the quality of the olive oil of Cv. Frantoio, Vlorë, Albania. The experiment is held during 2013-2014 in Vlora. The experiment is attained in four systems of maintaining the soil: (i) Arable land, (ii) Non-Arable land, (iii) Barely (Hordeum Vulgaris) and (iv) Mulchering System. The samples were taken during November-December. The analysed indicators were the oil content in percentage and the acidity. The content of fat is attained through the Soxhlet method. The analytical laboratories are analysed in the Institution of Food Control, Tirane, Albania. According to the results it is shown that a higher perce: the systems of maintaining the soil, Cv. Frantoio..........

[1]. Abazi U., Hodaj B., Rexha A., Ismaili H., 2012. Aspekte të kultivimit të ullirit dhe ndikimi i sistemeve teknologjike të prodhimit të vajit në Shqipwri. Konferenca IVt Shkencore Ndërkombwtare ―Efiçienca dhe Konkurueshmëria e Prodhimit në Sipërmarrjen e Agrobiznesit‖. Proccedings: pp 274-282.
[2]. Cimato, A., Moldi, G., Mattei, A., Niccolai, M., Alessandri, S. (1991). La caraterizzazione dell'olivo extravergine ‗Tipico Toscano'. Consorzio Regionale olive extra vergine di Oliva ‗Tipico Toscano'.
[3]. Conde C., Delrot S., Gerós H. Physiological, biochemical and molecular changes occurring during olive development and ripening. Journal of Plant Physiology, 165: 1545-1562, 2008.
[4]. C. M. Lopes, A. Monteiro, J. P. Machado, N. Fernandes, and A. Ara'ujo, ―Cover cropping in a sloping non-irrigated vineyard: II—effects on vegetative growth, yield, berry andwine quality of ‗cabernet sauvignon' grapevines,‖ Ciencia e Tecnica Vitivinicola, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 37–43, 2008
[5]. G. Caruso, R. Gucci, and M. I. Sifola, ―Soil management affects yield components of young olive trees under deficit irrigation‖, Acta Horticulturae, vol. 924, pp. 219–224, 2011.

Online social networking has taken the centre stage among the many services offered by the Internet. Young people and students of higher institutions in particular have taken keen interest in interactions on the social media. In view of perceived decline in students' academic performances, pundits have suggested that unbridled indulgences in social media could have a major role in their poor performances. In this study, we investigate the impact of the social media networking on the academic performances of students of the Redeemer's University. A sample of 200 students were drawn across departments on proportional basis. A structured questionnaire was administered, processed and analysed. From the results, it was discovered that only the size of friendship on the social media has significant impacts on students' performances. Factors such as daily time spent and hourly time spent on social media have no significant effect on the students' academic performance.

[1]. Zephoria Inc, "The Top 20 Valuable Facebook statistics – Updated December 2016," 10 December 2016. [Online]. Available: https://zephoria.com/top-15-valuable-facebook-statistics/amp/. [Accessed 4 January 2017].
[2]. B. A. Legaree , "Considering the changing face of social media in higher education," FEMS Microbiology Letters, vol. 362, no. 16, 9 August 2015.
[3]. W. Tariq and M. Mehboob, "The Impact of Social Media and Social Networks on Education," IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 407-411, 2012.
[4]. C. Smith, "By the Numbers," 9 June 2016. [Online]. Available: http://expandedramblings.com/index.php/category. [Accessed 5 December 2016].
[5]. Q. Wang, W. Chen and Y. Liang, "The Effects of Social Media on College Students," Johnson and Wales University, 2011.

Atomization is the process in which the small size droplets are being formed using piezoelectric effect or using forced air through the orifice. The droplet size has the large effect on the properties of the materials which are being used for the number of application. The surface tension, viscosity, concentration of the precursors plays important role in the atomization process. The geometry of the orifice is also one of the important process parameter which affects the droplet size. Generally the droplet size distribution needs to be narrow. Hence In this work, the droplet size analysis is carried out using Artificial Neural network (ANN).

[1]. Lefebvre, A.H. "Atomization and Sprays", Taylor & Francis: New York, NY, USA, 1989.
[2]. Liu, H.F., Gong, X., Li, W.F., Wang, F.C., Yu, Z.H. "Prediction of droplet size distribution in spray of prefilming air-blast atomizers", Chem. Eng. Sci. 2006, 61, 1741-1747.
[3]. Sellens, R.W.; Brzustowski, T.A. "A prediction of drop-size distribution in a spray from first principles" Atomization Spray Tech. 1985, 1, 89-102.
[4]. Li, X.; Tankin, R.S. "Derivation of droplet size distribution in sprays by using information theory" Combust. Sci. Technol. 1987, 60, 345-357.
[5]. Ahmadi, M., Sellens R.W., "A simplified maximum entropy based drop size distribution. Atomization Sprays" 1993, 3, 292-310.

Due to limitation of budget, it is very limited that counting a traffic volume for 365 days for every sections of the road. In order to compensate, short-term count is applied. Usually once (24 hours) a year, the large AADT estimation error can be occurred. In order to establish an efficient survey plan to minimize AADT estimation error, the characteristics of the survey site is defined and appropriate number of count is proposed according to the characteristics.The characteristic of the section of the road is defined as COV (coefficient of variation) of the monthly correction factor. The data is sampled among ATR(Automatic traffic recorder)'s 356 day traffic data to show AADT estimation error. The AADT estimation error was calculated when the monthly correction factor and the weekly correction factor were applied. The AADT estimation error according to the survey season was considered as well...........

[1]. Aunet, B., 2000. Wisconsin's approach to variation in traffic data. Report, Wisconsin Department of Transportation, Madison, Wisconsin, EUA.
[2]. Davis, G.A., 1997. Accuracy of estimates of mean daily traffic: a review. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1593, 12–16. DOI: 10.3141/1593-02
[3]. Faghri, A., Hua, J., 1995. Roadway seasonal classification using neural networks. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering 9, 209–215. DOI: 10.1061/(asce)0887-3801(1995)9:3(209)
[4]. Figliozzi, M., Johnson, P., Monsere, C., Nordback, K., 2014. Methodology to Characterize Ideal Short-Term Counting Conditions and Improve AADT Estimation Accuracy Using a Regression-Based Correcting Function. Journal of Transportation Engineering 140(5). DOI: 10.1061/(asce)te.1943-5436.0000663
[5]. Ha, J.A., 2014. A Comparison of Short Duration Traffic Counts Methodologies for Estimating Annual Average Daily Traffic, in: Applied Mechanics and Materials. Trans Tech Publ, pp. 657–663. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.607.657

There is a basic error that the traffic information provided by the road driver cannot be reduced even if the traffic information provider reduces the travel time estimation and the prediction error. Since individual vehicles in the same information providing period receive a single travel time, there is an error between the travel time and the representative travel time value experienced by each individual vehicle unless all the vehicles travel at the same travel time. In this study, we measured the basic error rate of congestion and non - congestion in 12 types of national highway in order to check how the basic error varies according to the traffic conditions and the road environment. In case of non - congestion in the intermittent flow section, the average error rate decreased about 8% on average as the section length increased by about 1 km. It is analyzed that the error rate change is insignificant at the time of congestion...................

[1]. Battelle Memorial Institute (2004), Traffic Data Quality Measurement, FHWA.

[2]. Hong-Joon Kim, Jin-Soo Kim (2013), Statistics Lecture, Myungjin Book Publishing

[3]. Hyun-Suk Park (2017), "A Study on Determination of the Optimal Collection Interval of Individual Vehicle‟s Travel Time Collected in the Intermittent Flow Sections of National Highway Using DSRC", Journal of Korean Society of Transportation, 35(1), February 2017, pp. 63-78

[4]. http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/fhwahop08038/02litreview.htm

[5]. Iida, Y. (2008), New paradigm for traffic planning, Technical Academy
[6]. K. Ahn, H. Rakha, and D. Hill (2008), Data Quality White Paper, FHWA