This research aims to develop Student Worksheet (LKS) for students of XI SMA (grade 11 of senior high school) of linier program based on Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) and to determine the feasibility of Student Worksheet based on the assessment of subject-matter expert, design expert and media expert, as well as student assessment on individual test, small group test and field test. It was a developmental research or Research and Development (R&D), adapted from ADDIE development model. There were 5 ADDIE phases namely: 1) Analysis, 2) Design, 3) Development, 4) Implementation, and 5) Evaluation. Validation was carried out by two subject-matter experts...................

[1]. Akbar, Sa'ud. 2013. Instrumen Perangkat Pembelajaran. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
[2]. Agung, Suharto dan Trapsilasiwi. 2014. "Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) Matematika Pokok Bahasan Sistem Persamaan Linier Dua Variabel Untuk SMP Kelas VIII Berdasarkan Standar Proses NCTM (National Council Of Teacher Of Mathematics". Kadikma, Vol. 5 No. 3: 78-88.
[3]. Belawati, dkk. 2007. Pengembangan Bahan Ajar. Jakarta: Universitas Terbuka.
[4]. Branch, Robert. 2009. Instructional Design : The ADDIE Approach. Springer: USA.
[5]. Fasha, Nurman Ardian. 2014. "Peranan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Representasi Matematik". Makalah disajikan dalam Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Matematika, STIKIP Siliwangi Bandung, January 15, 2014.

This paper presents an experimental investigation for the behavior of reinforced lightweight concrete (LWC). LWC was obtained through the use of polystyrene foam as a partial aggregate's replacement to reduce the concrete dry unit weight from 23.0 kN/m3 to 18.1 kN/m3. The experimental work was consisted from two phases; the first phase was aimed to determine the LWC stress block parameters and the second phase was concerned with the behavior of reinforced LWC columns under eccentric load. In order to determine the stress-strain distribution of LWC and evaluate various parameters of the rectangular stress block, Square half-scale column specimen with dimension 200 x 200 mm and 1600 mm height was tested................

[1]. Chandra, S. and Berntsson, L (1996). Lightweight aggregate concrete: science, technology and applications. Noyes Publications.
[2]. Berra, M. and Ferrara, G. "Normal weight and total-lightweight high-strength concretes: A comparative experimental study," SP-121, 1990, pp.701-733.
[3]. Kayali, O.A. and Haque, M.N. "A new generation of structural lightweight concrete," ACI, SP-171, 1997, pp. 569-588.
[4]. Bai, Y. and Basheer, P.A.M. "Influence of Furnace Bottom Ash on properties of concrete," Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Structure and Buildings 156, February 2003, Issue 1, pp. 85-92.
[5]. Bai, Y. and Basheer, P.A.M. "Properties of concrete containing Furnace Bottom Ash as a sand replacement material," Proceedings of structural faults and repair (CD-ROM), London, July 1-3, 2003.

Laminated composite plates have been widely used in modern engineering applications due to their high strength to weight, stiffness to weight ratios and modulus. In this paper, the effect of infill laminated composite plates, thickness of plate and number of stories on the free vibration response of laminated composite plate shear walls are examined with respect to natural frequencies and mode shapes. Comparative study is conducted to investigate the effect of infill laminated composite plates, thickness of plate and number of stories on the free vibration response of laminated composite plate shear walls with compared to the performance of steel plate shear walls using the finite element system ANSYS16.

[1]. A. El-Helloty and O. Salam, " Stress analysis of laminated composite plates using the finite element method," Civil Engineering Research Magazine (CERM), vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 1377-1401, Oct., 2009, Egypt.
[2]. R. Esfandiar and M. A. Barkhordari, " Investigation behavior thin steel plate shear walls," The 14 th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering , Oct., 2008, Beijing, China.
[3]. M. Lashgari, " Finite element analysis of thin steel plate shear walls," International Journal of Civil, Environmental, Structural, Construction and Architectural Engineering, vol. 3, No. 10, 2009.
[4]. M. Guendel, B. Hoffmeister and M. Feldmann, " Experimental and numerical investigations on Steel Shear Walls for seismic retrofitting," in Proc. EURODYN'2011, Belgium, 4-6 July 2011.
[5]. M. K. Poul and F. N. Alahi , " Finite element investigation of steel plate shear walls with infill plates strengthened by GFRP laminate," JSEE, vol. 14, No. 3, 2012.

This paper traces the rules that are governing the use of living spaces in the cases when two or more users – inhabitants are reduced to share the space and live together. As such, this research is aims to present the minimum living requirements of one human individual – user that are supposed to be satisfied within the process of planning of configuration of spaces that are expected to accommodate the users and to expose the principles and rules that should be followed through the process of architectural planning and design. This research is based on observations made within the qualitative analysis method, in the frame of which the selected examples and illustrations will be evaluated and properly compared according to the standards...............

[1]. Fengler, Max. Heime / Studenten – Berufstatigen – Und Altenheime, Unipn Druckerel Gmbh, 1963
[2]. French, Hillary. New Urban Housing, Laurence King, GB, 2006
[3]. Novalić, Adnan. Istanbul‟daki Yurt Odaları Yurt Odası Planlama Ilkelerı Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi. Master Thesis. Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, Istanbul, 2012
[4]. Rakočević, P. Milan. 24 Časa Arhitekture, Uvod u Arhitektonsko Projektovanje, Arhitektonski Fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, Orion Art, Beograd, 2003
[5]. Rapoport, Amos. Culture, Architecture and Design, Locke Sižcience Publishing Company, Inc., Illinois, USA, 2005

In the contemporary world the lack of living spaces – environments of dormitory facilities and proper accommodation for students is more than evident. Worldwide migrations of university students is triggering a huge market that is offering various opportunities of accommodations, and it is more than often that the offered accommodation is not satisfying the living requirements of students as individuals, which is directly influencing their success in educational process. One of potential reasons for unsuccessful accommodation condition lies in the fact that in most of the countries the dormitory facilities are not the buildings originally designed with the function of dormitories, but they are adaptation of the buildings that were constructed with other primary functions and purposes....................

[1]. Hall, T. Edward. The Hidden Dimension. Anchor Books Editions, USA, 1990
[2]. Heilweil, Martin. Environment and Behaviour. Vol. 5. ,Sage Publications Inc., USA, 1973
[3]. Novalić, Adnan. Istanbul‟daki Yurt Odaları Yurt Odası Planlama Ilkelerı Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi. Master Thesis. Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, Istanbul, 2012

Data quality analysis leavings a difficult issue on several sphere (e.g. geographic, software, databases, etc.). This is especially the case on e-Health control applications for continuing of data aspect to ensure correct decision making is very crucial. Patients monitoring assign to a continued observation of patient's quality (physiological and physical) traditionally achieve by one or several body sensors. In fact, compelling actions and compromise are based on data coming from such sensors (e.g. remote diagnosis, consultations, hospitalization…)................

[1]. Batini, C., Cappiello, C., Francalanci, C., & Maurino, A. (2009). Methodologies for Data Quality Assessment and Improvement. ACM Computing Surveys, 41(3), Article 16.

[2]. Even, A., & Shankaranarayanan, G. (2009). Utility cost perspectives in data quality management. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 50(2), 127-135.

[3]. Haug, A., Pedersen, A., & Arlbjørn, J.S. (2009). A classification model of ERP system data quality. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 109(8), 1053-1068. doi:10.1108/02635570910991292

[4]. Jing-hua, X., Kang, X., & Xiao-wei, W.(2009). Factors influencing enterprise to improve data quality in information systems application —An empirical research on 185 enterprises through field studies. 16th International Conference on Management Science & Engineering, September 14-16, 2009, Moscow, Russia.

[5]. Piprani, B., & Ernst, D. (2008). A Model for Data Quality Assessment. Lecture Notes in Computer Science,5333, 750-759. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-88875-8_99

The contemporary era is marked as the era of consumers. The philosophy of marketing is based on consumer. The consumer is not only the heart of marketing but also the controller of marketing functions. The reality consumer may be "Pivotal point‟ of corporate activities; the present marketing scenario has shifted from product centric to buyers centric. Some Traders misguided the innocent consumers. As consumers we face huge problems relating to defective goods, deficiency in services, food adulteration, spurious goods, hoarding, use of deceptive and fractional weights, late deliveries, variations in the contents of the pack, poor after sales service, misleading advertisements, hidden price components................

[1]. Ashok Patil, "A study on Consumer Protection through maintenance of Product Safety & Standards in India", Working Paper Series no. 023, Asian Law Institute, 2011.
[2]. Bhamy V. Shenoy, "Consumer: Are we going anywhere?". Consumer Protection, February, 1993.
[3]. Dr.J.KRaju ,Mr.Asifulla, "Consumer Protection Act, 1986: Issues and Challenges", International Journal of Emerging Research in Management &Technology ,Volume-2, Issue-4 .ISSN: 2278-9359.
[4]. Andrey Rebello, Societical Response to Consumer Movement, Ahmedabad: Consumer Education and Research Society, 1991.
[5]. Akram,S. Consumer Protection in India under the shadow of Legislation, The Indian Journal of Commerce,Vol.XXXXVIII,No:181,December,1994

Cloud Computing is the most trending Information Technology computational model. This environment is enabled with an Internet to provide computing resources comprised of software, servers, Storages and applications that can be accessed by any type of client. Cloud computing is the fundamental model to provide the services like Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service and Software as a Service. Majority of these services are offered based on pay per use lease style investment with very low or no startup costs to purchase all hardware or software components. The feature provides economic benefits to both users and service providers since it reduces the management cost and thus lowers the subscription price. Many users are, however, reluctant to subscribe to cloud computing services due to security concerns. To enable deployment of cloud computing, we need to advance new techniques like secure multi-tenancy, resource isolation need to be advanced further.

[1]. The MITRE Corporation, "Common Vulnerability and Exposures (CVE)," http://cve.mitre.org/, Mar. 2011.
[2]. T. Garfinkel, et al., "Compatibility is not transparency: Vmm detection myths and realities," in HotOS, 2007.
[3]. J. Franklin, et al., "Remote detection of virtual machine monitors with fuzzy benchmarking," SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev., April 2008.
[4]. T. Garfinkel, et al., "Terra: a virtual machine-based platform for trusted computing," in SOSP, 2003.
[5]. Trusted Computing Group, http://www.trustedcomputinggroup.org/, June 2011

In this paper, we study a Markovian queueing model with balking for buffer sharing in ATM. It is assumed that server provides service with priorities termed as first, second and third. As soon as system accumulates L+1, M+1 customers third and second priority customers balk with balking function bn. We have obtained the steady state probabilities for the system by recursive method. Some performance measures have also been obtained. A numerical example is also provided.

[1]. Abou-El-Alta, M.O. and Hari, A.M. (1992): The M/M/C/N queue with balking and reneging, Comp. Oper. Res., Vol. 19, No. 8, PP. 713-716.
[2]. Anecker, C.J. and Gafarian, A.V. (1963): Some queueing problem with balking and reneging I and II Oper. Res., Vol. 11, PP. 88-100.
[3]. Bae, J.J. and Suda, T. (1991): Survey of Traffic Control Schemes and Protocols in ATM Network, Proceeding of the IEEE, Vol. 79, PP. 170-189.
[4]. Doshi, B.T., and Jangerman, D. (1986): An M/G/1 queue with class dependent balking (reneging), Teletraffic Analysis and Comp. Perf. Eval., O.J. Boxaman J.W. Cohen, H.C. Tijms (Editors) Elsevier Science Punblishers, B.V., North Holland.
[5]. Gross, D. and Harris, C.M. (1985): Fundamentals of queueing theory, Second edition, John Wiley and Sons, Newyork.

Pollution is a pervasive phenomenon of economic growth and development causing harm to society. It refers to the residual flows that arise from anthropogenic sources and enter the environmental systems. An economic externality is said to be present when the activities of some economic agents affect positively or negatively the other agents who do not have control over them. Air and water pollution, deforestation and land degradation are some of the environmental externalities generated by the various development activities in the economy. Air pollution not only affects health of human beings but also affects property prices. This paper intends to present a framework based on hedonic regression and artificial neural network to evaluate air pollution as a commodity.

[1]. A. M. Freeman III, "Air pollution and property values, a further comment", Review of Economics and Statistics, vol. 56, pp. 554–556, Nov. 1974
[2]. Anderson, J. A., Rosenfeld E., "Neurocomputing", Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 1988
[3]. B. R. Beloff, E.R. Beaver, and H. Massin, "Assessing societal costs associated with environmental impacts", Environmental Quality Management, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 67–82, Winter 2000
[4]. Babu B.V. and V. Ramakrishna. "Mathematical modeling of site sensitivity indices in the site selection criteria for hazardous waste Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility", Journal of the IPHE, 2000 (1), pp. 54-70, 2000
[5]. Bao, H. X. H., Wan, A. T. K., "On the Use of Spline Smoothing in Estimating Hedonic Housing Prices Models: Empirical Evidence using Hong Kong Date", Real Estate Economics, 32(3), 487-507, 2004

Machine translation translates a speech of text from the source language to target language. This paper introduces machine translation evaluation by calculating the semantic textual similarity between the machine translated sentences. The similarity score varies by using different values of alpha, beta and ranges semantic similarity [0,5]. The experiment is carried out on SemEval 2017 datasets. The experiment resulted in the highest accuracy for the Spanish-Spanish dataset with Pearson coefficient correlation 0.7969.

[1]. Yuhua Li, David McLean, ZuhairA.Bandar, JamesD.O‟Shea, and Keeley Crockett,"3Li.pdf", "Sentence Similarity Based on Semantic Nets and Corpus Statistics", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE ANDDATA ENGINEERING, VOL. 18, NO. 8, AUGUST 2006
[2]. J. Atkinson-Abutridy, C. Mellish, and S. Aitken, "Combining Information Extraction with Genetic Algorithms for Text Mining," IEEE Intelligent Systems, vol. 19, no. 3, 2004.
[3]. G. Erkan and D.R. Radev, "LexRank: Graph-Based Lexical Centrality As Salience in Text Summarization," J. Artificial Intelligence Research, vol. 22, pp. 457-479, 2004.
[4]. Y. Ko, J. Park, and J. Seo, "Improving Text Categorization Using the Importance of Sentences," Information Processing and Management, vol. 40, pp. 65-79, 2004.
[5]. Y. Liu and C.Q. Zong, "Example-Based Chinese-English MT," Proc. 2004 IEEE Int‟l Conf. Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vols. 1-7, pp. 6093-6096, 2004.

Nokia was a synonym for the mobile phone industry for a long time; however, when it came into the era of smart phones, the former leader was under an awkward situation. Nokia sold its mobile phone business to Microsoft on September 3, 2013. This was a typical case of the subversion of an industry; therefore, the author believed that it was necessary to analyze the process. This research paper studied Nokia's decline mainly from the three parts. First of all, looking back Nokia's development process from the glory to the decline, it can be divided into three stages: the transition period, the peak period and the decline period, followed by analyzing the reasons of its decline from three parts: Nokia executives' grasp for the market, the company's business strategy and business cooperation, and finally analyzing its inspiration for modern enterprises from the marketing perspective.

[1]. http://www.blcasestudies@thehindu.co.in.
[2]. http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/on-campus/case-studies/can-nokia-regain-share-in-india/article5440360.ece.
[3]. Fu, Z.S. (2010) Nokia Smart Phone Satisfaction Is Not High Operating System Closed or the Main Reason. Communication Information.
[4]. Yi, M. (2011) When Nokia Met Apple.Business Management, 12, 60-62.
[5]. Zheng, Z.Q. (2013) Influence of Utilitarianism and Hedonism on Purchase Behavior in Mobile Phone—Nokia and Apple as an Example.Journal of Liaoning Medical College, 10, 50-52.

The inspiration behind this examination was to research the relationship of environmental uncertainty and business performance. The data is processed by using regression analysis to determine relationship. This study was conducted in ITPL (International Tech Park Bengaluru) sample of this exploration is managers, and utilizing study inquire about with primary data collection through questionnaire. The results of this study are apparent environment uncertainty, business performance drastically positively associated, business performance measurement systems significantly associated, but the pecuniary performance of the measurement system is not extensively related.

[1]. Concepción Garcés-Ayerbe, Sabina Scarpellini, Jesus Valero-Gil and Pilar Rivera-Torres, (2016) "Proactive environmental strategy development: from laggard to eco-innovative firms", Journal of Organizational Change Management, Vol. 29 Issue: 7, pp.1118-1134.

[2]. Evangeline Elijido‐Ten, (2007) "Applying stakeholder theory to analyze corporate environmental performance: Evidence from Australian listed companies", Asian Review of Accounting, Vol. 15 Issue: 2, pp.164-184.

[3]. Gene M. Owens, (2007) "Analyzing impacts of bioenergy expansion in China using strategic environmental assessment", Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, Vol. 18 Issue: 4, pp.396-412.

[4]. Hanna Moon and Chan Lee, (2015) "Strategic learning capability: through the lens of environmental jolts", European Journal of Training and Development, Vol. 39 Issue: 7, pp.628-640.

[5]. Hesan A. Quazi, (2001) "Sustainable development: integrating environmental issues into strategic planning", Industrial Management & Data Systems, Vol. 101 Issue: 2, pp.64-70.

Cloud computing is emerging as a new paradigm for manipulating, configuring, and accessing large scale distributed computing applications over the network. Load balancing is one of the main Challenges in cloud computing which is required to distribute the workload evenly across all the nodes. Load is a measure of the amount of work that a computation system performs which can be classified as CPU load, network load, memory capacity and storage capacity. It helps to achieve a high user satisfaction and resource utilization ratio by ensuring an efficient and fair allocation of every computing resource. Proper load balancing aids in implementing fail-over, enabling scalability, over- provisioning, minimizing resource consumption and avoiding bottlenecks etc. This paper describes a survey on load balancing algorithms in cloud computing environment along with their corresponding advantages, disadvantages and performance metrics are discussed in detail.

[1]. Peter Mell, Timothy Grance. The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing (Draft). NIST. 2011.
[2]. Lazaros Gkatzikis, Iordanis Koutsopoulos, "Migrate or Not? Exploiting Dynamic Task Migration in Mobile Cloud Computing Systems", IEEE Wireless Communications 2013, pp. 24-32.
[3]. Raghavendra Achar, P. Santhi Thilagam, Nihal Soans, P. V. Vikyath, Sathvik Rao and Vijeth A. M., "Load Balancing in Cloud Based on Live Migration of Virtual Machines ", 2013 Annual IEEE India Conference (INDICON) .
[4]. Akshay Jain, Anagha Yadav, Lohit Krishnan, Jibi Abraham , "A Threshold Band Based Model For Automatic Load Balancing in Cloud Environment ".
[5]. Amandeep Kaur Sidhu, Supriya Kinger , "Analysis of Load Balancing Techniques in Cloud Computing ", International Journal of Computers & Technology , Volume 4 No. 2, March-April, 2013, pp. 737-741.

As individuals impart on the Web about their sentiments on products and services they have used, it has become important to formulate methods of automatically classifying and judging them. The task of examining such data, collectively called client feedback data, is known as opinion mining. Opinion mining consists of several steps, and different techniques have been proposed at each stage in this process. This paper basically explains such techniques that have been used for the implementation of task of opinion mining in Tamil. On the basis of this analysis we provide an overall system design for the development of opinion mining approach. In this paper, the rough set theory is useful to extract the key sentences and its feature attribute after getting the opinion from the post will be evaluated...................

[1]. Basant Agarwal, Namita Mittal, "Categorical Probability Proportion Difference (CPPD): A Feature Selection Method for Sentiment Classification", In Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Sentiment Analysis where AI meets Psychology (SAAIP), COLING 2012, pp 17–26, 2012.
[2]. Basant Agarwal, Namita Mittal, "Optimal Feature Selection Methods for Sentiment Analysis", In 14th International Conference on Intelligent Text Processing and Computational Linguistics (CICLing 2013), Vol-7817,pp:13-24, 2013.
[3]. Domenico Potena, Claudia Diamantini. Mining Opinions on the Basis of Their Affectivity in 2010 IEEE, pp.245-254.
[4]. Grzymala-Busse JW (2004c) Data with missing attribute values: Generalization of discernibility relation and rule induction. Transactions on Rough Sets, Lecture Notes in Computer Science Journal Subline, Springer-Verlag, 1: 78–95
[5]. Grzymala-Busse JW, Siddhaye S (2004). Rough set approaches to rule induction from incomplete data. Proceedings of the IPMU'2004, the 10th International Conference on Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems,Perugia, Italy, vol. 2, 923–930.

Machine learning methods have trouble when dealing with large number of input features, which is posing an interesting challenge for researchers. Pre-processing of the data is very much essential in order to use machine learning methods effectively. Relevant feature selection has become an essential task that speeds up data mining algorithms, improves predictive accuracy and increases comprehensibility. In this study, a novel approach is proposed by combining both Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Artificial Neural networks (ANN) in predicting stock trend. SVM technique is introduced to remove irrelevant and redundant variables and subsequently neural network based classification technique is used to forecast stock trends with the reduced feature set. Importance of choosing correct input features using SVM before classification is reflected using evaluation measures accuracy, F-measure, ROC curves and AUC.

[1]. Saahil Madge. (2015) "Predicting Stock Price Direction using Support Vector Machines" , Independent work report spring 2015.
[2]. Xinjie Di, "Stock Trend Prediction using Technical Indicators using SVM"
[3]. Luca Di Persio, Oleksandr Honchar, "Artificial neural networks approach to the forecast of stock market price movements", International Journal of Economics and Management Systems.
[4]. Dr. Asif Ullah Khan and Dr. Bhupesh Gour, "Neural Networks with Technical Indicators Identify Best Timing To Invest In The Selected Stocks"
[5]. Jacinta Chan Phooi M'ng and Azmin Azliza Aziz(Jan 2016), "Using Neural Networks to Enhance Technical Trading Rule Returns": A Case with KLCI, Athens Journal of Business and Economics.

The modernisation in the construction technology has damaged our environment to a greater extent. This research aims at providing environment friendly fibers to fiber reinforced concrete. Concrete is one such basic component in which constant up gradation has always been implemented in order to improve its properties by adding different admixtures or additives. Jute Fiber is one such material which could be added in concrete to improve its properties and strength without having any environmental damage.

[1]. B. Narendra Kumar,P. Srinivasa Rao,Y.Surya Manisha; "Abrasion,Permeability and acid resistance of high performance self compacting hybrid fiber reinforced concrete using quartz materials"; Journal of Structural Engineering, Volume:43,Issue: June-July 2016,pp 212-220
[2]. Balasubramanian,J.Chandrashekaran,Dr.S.Senthil Selvan; "Experimental Investigation of Natural Fiber Reinforced Concrete in Construction Industry"; International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, Volume: 02, Issue: 01, Apr-2015
[3]. C.Chandra Sekar, N.V.Ramamoorthy; "Influence of Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Concrete for Ductility"; Journal of Structural Engineering, Volume: 41, Issue: Oct-Nov-2014
[4]. Elie Awwad, Mounir Mabsout, Bilal Hamad and Helmi Khatib; "Experimental
[5]. Investigation of Natural Fiber Reinforced Concrete in Construction Industry"; International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume: 02,Issue: 01 | Apr-2015

The paper shows the possibilities and benefits of Ukraine joining the transcontinental system of transport links that is now on the eve of the global reshaping with development of alternative routes. This is a prerequisite for a phased increase in international cargo transportation in territories of Ukraine and partner countries. The paper presents some results of assessment of different transportation technologies capacity that enables decision-making on their use and development depending on traffic volumes.

[1]. http://ukraine-eu.mfa.gov.ua/en/page/open/id/2900.

[2]. http://www.xinhuanet.com/silkroad/english/index.htmchina's belt and road initiative.

[3]. http://silkroad-forum.com/ railway silk road cities forum.

[4]. A. Bulisa, R. Skapars, Development of "New Silk road" Northern branch through seaport of Riga in Latvia, in: 10th International strategic management conference, University of Latvia (no rail routes via Ukraine).

[5]. B. Sárvári, A. Szeidovitz, The political economics of the New Silk road, in: Baltic J. of European studies, Tallinn University of Technology (ISSN 2228-0588), vol. 6, no. 1 (20), pp. 3–27.

Steganography and steganalysis are important topics in information hiding. Steganography refers to the technique of hiding secret messages into media such as audio, video, image and text with maximum stealthiness, while in steganalysiswe recover back the secret data hidden in the stegoimages.Steganography and steganalysis both have received a lot of attention from law enforcement and media. Steganalysis can be classified on the basis of the techniques used such as classified statistical techniques, pattern classification techniques and visual detection techniques etc. In this paper an extensive review report is presented for steganalysis. This paper provides a survey on steganalysis for digital images, mainly covering the fundamental concepts.............

[1]. Lyu S. and FaridH., Detecting Hidden Messages using Higher-Order Statistics andSupportVector Machines, Information Hiding, vol.2578, pp340-354,Springer 2003.
[2]. Fridrich.J., Feature-based steganalysis for JPEG Images and its Implications forFutureDesign of Steganographic Schemes, International Workshop on Information Hiding, pp 67-81, Springer 2005.
[3]. ShiY.Q., ChenC.,andChenW.,A Markov Process Based Approach to Effective Attacking JPEG Steganography,Lecture Notes in Computer Science , InformationHiding,vol. 4437, pp 249-264, Springer 2006.
[4]. PevnyT.andFridrichJ.,Merging Markov and DCT features for Multiclass JPEG Steganalysis,Steganography, and watermarking of Multimedia Contents,vol. 6505, pp1-13,Springer 2007.
[5]. J. Kodovsky and J. Fridrich, Steganalysis in high dimensions: Fusing classifiers built on random subspaces, Proc. SPIE, Electronic Imaging, Media, Watermarking, Security and Forensics XIII, San Francisco, C.A., vol. 7880, pp. 23-26, January 2011.

The present work is carried out to investigate heat transfer and friction factor characteristics of fluid (air) flow through turbulent channel i.e. parallel plate heat exchanger for different geometry and designs parameters, with a bottom plate applied to uniform constant heat flux thermal boundary condition, and upper plate is provided with a insulated condition. The fluid domain is designed using ANSYS Workbench v15 software and simulated using ANSYS Fluent v15 software, which is based on finite element method. Realizable k-ε turbulent model with wall function is applied for solving turbulence in the domain, and second-order upwind scheme was provided for calculation....................

[1]. M. Dalle Donne, L. Meyer, Turbulent convective heat transfer from rough surfaces with two-dimensional rectangular ribs, International Journal Heat and Mass Transfer 20 (1977) 583–620.
[2]. S.R. Martin, C.J. Bates, Small-probe-volume Laser Doppler Anemometry measurements of turbulent flow near the wall of a rib-roughened channel, Flow Measurement Instrumentation 3 (1992) 81–88.
[3]. Y.M. Hong, S.S. Hsieh, Heat transfer and friction factor measurement in ducts with staggered and inline ribs, Transaction ASME Journal Heat Transfer 115 (1993) 58–65.
[4]. A.R. Jaurker, J.S. Saini, B.K. Gandhi, Heat transfer and friction characteristics of rectangular solar air heater duct using rib–grooved artificial roughness, Solar Energy 80 (2006) 895–907.
[5]. S. Lorenz, D. Mukomilow, W. Leiner, Distribution of the heat transfer coefficient in a channel with periodic transverse grooves, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 11 (1995) 234–242.

The preservation of privacy of distributed micro data is basic to keep the sensitive data of people from being disclosed. Many privacy models are used for ensuring the privacy of micro data. Micro aggregation is a strategy for disclosure restraint went for securing the security of information subjects in micro data discharges .It has been utilized as another option to generalization as well as suppression to create k-unidentified datasets, where the character of every subject is covered up inside a gathering of k subjects. Not like the generalization, micro aggregation annoys the information and this extra concealing flexibility permits enhancing information usefulness in few courses..................

[1]. Jordi Soria-Comas, Josep Domingo-Ferrer, Fellow, IEEE, David Sanchez, and Sergio Martinez,"t-closeness through Microaggregation: Strict privacy with Enhanced utility Preservation", IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. VOL.27, NO.11, November 2015. .
[2]. Domingo-Ferrer and J. Soria-Comas,"From t-closeness to differential privacy and vice versa in data anonymization," Knowledge based syst. vol. 74, pp. 151- 158, 2015.
[3]. N. Li, T. Li, and S.Venkatasubramanian,"Closeness: A new privacy measure for data publishing," IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng.,vol. 22, no. 7, pp. 943-956, Jul. 2010.
[4]. J. Cao, P. Karras, P. Kalnis, and K.-L. Tan, "SABRE: A sensitive attribute Bucketization and Redistribution framework for t- closeness," VLDB J., vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 59-81, 2011.
[5]. J. Soria-Comas and J. Domingo-Ferrer, "Differential privacy via t-closeness in data publishing," in Proc. 11th Annu. Int. Conf. Privacy, Security Trust, 2013, pp. 27-35.

Foundry industries in a developing countries are suffering from poor quality and productivity even in completely controlled process. Defects in casting process have been seen which challenges explanation about the cause of casting defects. The objective of this research is to minimize casting defects by adding different fibers in different proportions, to check the productivity of the components with respect to the normal production and to check the temperature resistance by keeping the sand ratio same and using different proportions of additives. Different glass and steel fibers have been taken along with two different quality of sand having one proportion and sodium silicate as a binder. Results should show good amount of strength and less defect.

[1]. Achamyeleh A. Kassie, Samuel B. Assfaw; "Minimization of Casting Defects"; Journal of Engineering; ISSN: 2250-3021; 2278-8719 Vol. 3, Issue 5 (May. 2013).

[2]. Bernhard J. Stauder, Hubert Kerber, Peter Schumacher " Foundry sand core property assessment by 3-point bending test evalution"; Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Volume 237, November 2016, Pages 188-196 [3]. Eun-Hee Kim, Guen-Ho Cho, Yoon-Suk Oh, Yeon-Gil Junga "Development of a high temperature mold process for sand casting with a thin wall and complex shape" Thin solid films 20 September 2016.
[4]. Frank Peters et al; "Effect of mould expansion on pattern allowances in sand casting of steel"; International journal of cast materials; 2007.

[5]. Himanshu Khandelwal, B. Ravi "Effect of molding parameters on chemically bonded sand mold properties" Journal of Manufacturing Processes, Volume 22, April 2016, Pages 127-133

The objective of this paper is to design and analyse a novel Smiley shaped fractal antenna and simulate proposed antenna for multiband applications. Designing an antenna of compact size for portable wireless devices is one of the challenges. This proposed novel design of SFA has some uniqueness, such as compact size, antenna design with basic circle geometry, low cost, nearly omnidirectional. The simulated and measured results of the proposed antenna are also analysed.The use of fractal geometries has meaningfully impacted many areas of science and engineering, one of which is antennas. Antennas using some of these geometries for numerous telecommunications applications are already obtainable commerc

[1]. MohammadiBharmal, Dr. K. J. Vinoy, "Design of Fractal UWB Antenna"2000.
[2]. Nemanja POPRŽEN, Mićo GAĆANOVIĆ, "Fractal antennas: design, characteristics and application"2000.
[3]. Konstantinos P. Liolis, Athanasios D. Panagopoulos, and Panayotis G. Cottis, "Multi-SatelliteMIMO Communications at Ku-Band and Above: Investigations on Spatial Multiplexing for CapacityImprovement and Selection Diversity for InterferenceMitigation" EURASIP Journal onWireless Communications and Networking,vol 2007, Article ID 59608, 11 pages

[4]. A. Azari, J. Rowhani, "Ultra wideband fractal microstrip antenna design" Progress In Electromagnetic Research C, Vol. 2, 7–12, 2008.
[5]. H. F. AbuTarboush, H. S. Al-Raweshidy and R. Nilavalan, "Multi-Band Antenna for Different Wireless Applications" IEEE2009

Semantic and keyword electronic procedure is turning into a non-specific issue in a use of Information Retrieval (IR). A large portion of the scientists utilized distinctive web strategies for finding relevant data and keyword based search is not able to fetch the relevant results, because they do not know the actual meaning of the term or expression and relationship between them in the web search In this paper, semantic and catchphrase based web look technique have been utilized for various hunt terms. The semantic web search tools are Google, Yahoo and Wikipedia and catchphrase web indexes are Hakia, Bing and DuckDuckGo. Execution depends on their exactness proportion and characteristic dialect inquiries.....................

[1]. Amit Upadhyay, Amit Paul, Pijush Dutta.K Pramanik, "Semantic Web Crawler for More Relevant Search Using Ontology", 2014.
[2]. Aravindhan.R and Mano Chitra.M, "A Review on Ontology Based Search Engine", 2014.
[3]. Baeza-Yates R and Ribeiro-Neto B, "Modern Information Retrieval," ACM Press/Addison Wesley",1999.
[4]. Bertone A., Albertoni R., & De Martino M., "Semantic Web and Information Visualization, Proceedings of the1st Italian Workshop on Semantic Web Application and Perspective, DEIT, pp.108-114,Ancona, Italy,December10, 2004.
[5]. Guha,R.McCool and Miler, "Semantic Search," 2011.

The usage of natural fiber reinforced composites is growing at a faster rate and is actively being considered asan alternate materialforsynthetic fiber. In the present work an attempt has been made tofabricate the sisal-coir fiber randomly orientedhybrid composites and to evaluate the mechanical properties such as tensile strength and flexural strength. Three types(sisal-coir) of hybrid laminate and two pure laminate composites are fabricated using manual layup technique. Epoxy (Ly556 and HY951) resin is used as matrix material in the present work. The specimens are prepared according to ASTM standards and the experiments were conducted on an universal testing machine (UTM).From the experimental results, it has beenobserved that the sisal-coir fiber hybrid composites exhibitedsuperiorproperties when compared to pure composites.

[1]. Sidddika salma, Mansura Fayecka,and hasan mahbub Physic-mechanical properties of jute-coir fiber reinforced hybrid polypropylene composites", World academy of sciences, Engineering and Technology: 2013, Vol.73, pp-1145-1149.
[2]. M.Jawaid, Khalil H.P.S Abdul, "Cellulosic/synthetic fiber reinforced polymer hybrid composites: A review" carbohydrate polymers 2011, Vol.86, pp-1-18.
[3]. AlbuuerueA.C.,JosephK.,decarvalhoL.H.naddeAlmediaJ.R.M., Effect of wettability and ageing conditions on the physical and mechanical properties of uni axially oriented jute roving reinforced polyester composites, Composites Science and Technology.2000, Vol.60, pp-833-844.
[4]. JohnK, VenkataNaiduS.Effect of fiber content and fiber treatment on flexural properties of sisal fiber/glass fiber hybrid composites. Journal of reinforced plastic composites 2004; 23 (15): pp-1601-115.
[5]. Yan Li, Yiu-Wing Mai and Lin Ye, 2000. Sisal fiber mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced and its composites: a review of recent developments, composites science and Technolgy2000, Vol. 60, pp-2037-2055.

Commercially available and organically modified calcium carbonate-natural rubber (NR) composites have been prepared through Brabender mixture. All the composites were found to have higher modulus and tensile strength than the gum vulcanizates. Modified filler-composite was found to have increased modulus over a certain (200%) deformation with respect to unmodified filler composite. The effect of different weight percentages of calcium carbonate loading in NR composites was studied. The term "E-inequality‟ means Mooney-Rivlin material model assumes that C1 > 0 and C2 ≤ 0. Present investigation shows that the above assumption should be relaxed for the behavior of calcium carbonate–NR composite under tension. The stress-strain behavior at low, moderate and high strains is not identical.....................

[1]. Sobby, M.S. Elastic behavior of ternary rubber-filled vulcanizates, Polym. International 1997, 42, 85-89.
[2]. Yeoh, O.H. ; Fleming, P.D. A new attempt to reconcile the statistical and Phenomenologyical theories of rubber elasticity, J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phy. 1997, 35,1919-1931.
[3]. Meissner, B.; Matĕjka, L. Description of the tensile stress-strain behavior of filler-reinforced rubber-like networks using a Langevin-theory-based approach. Part I, Polymer 2000, 41, 7749-7760.
[4]. Bourgeat-Lami, E.; Lang, J.J. Encapsulation of inorganic particles by dispersion polymerization in polar media, J. Coll. Interface Sci. 1998, 197, 293-308.
[5]. Konar, B.B.; Saha, M. Influence of polymer coated CaCO3 on vulcanization kinetics of natural rubber/sulfur/N-oxydiethyl benzthiazyl sulfonamide (BSM) system, J. Macromol. Sci. Part A: Pure and Applied Chem. 2012, 49, 214-226.

The The use of ecological technologies in residential construction cause permanent interest in the scientific community, among researchers and practitioners, construction companies and the local citizens. The main purpose of this paper is to overview the modern ideas and approaches in environmental technologies applied all over the world in residential construction. The main research method used is the analysis of the information on the topic received from various public sources. The paper considers the use of biodegradable and natural (organic) materials, alternative heating and lighting sources, various energy efficiency improvement schemes in residential construction while reducing energy consumption.

[1]. 23 Shipping Container Home Owners Speak Out: "What I Wish I'd Known Before Building My Shipping Container Home". http://www.containerhomeplans.org/2015/04/what-i-wish-id-known-before-building-my-shipping-container-home.
[2]. 24 Breathtaking Homes Made from. $1800 Shipping Containers. http://organics.org/24-breathtaking-homes-made-from-1800-dollar-shipping-containers.
[3]. The Pros and Cons of Straw Bale Wall Construction In Green Building. http://buildingwithawareness.com/the-pros-and-cons-of-straw-bale-wall-construction-in-green-building.
[4]. Green Roofs for Healthy Cities: About Green Roofs. http://www.greenroofs.org.
[5]. Passive solar home design. https://energy.gov/energysaver/passive-solar-home-design.

To fully realize the potential of CR networks, there is a need to draw the attention of the research community for developing advanced, context-based and innovative methodologies, techniques and algorithms for the Performance Enhancement of Filter Bank Multicarrier based Cognitive Radio under fading channel Environment. The present section deals with Comparatative Performance Evaluation of OFDM and Prototype FBMC Cognitive Radio. One can see that with decrease in the number of subcarriers, FBMC obtains more spectral efficiency gain over OFDM which surely indicates the more applicability of FBMC for the CR system with small size of spectrum holes. Simulation Results show that FBMC can attain higher channel capacity than OFDM due to low spectral leakage of its prototype filter.

[1]. J.Mitola and G.Q.Maguire,"Cognitive Radios: Making Software Radios More Personal",IEEE Personal. Communication., Vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 13-18, August 1999.
[2]. A.Sahai,Niels Hoven et al.,"Some Fundamental Limits on Cognitive Radio,"Proc.Allerton Conference, Monticello,pp.1-11, Oct 2004
[3]. Sheryl Ball et al., "Consumer Applications of Cognitive Radio Defined Networks,"Proc.IEEE 2005,pp.518-525.
[4]. Hakan Johanssson and Per Lowenberg, "Flexible Frequency-Based Reallocation networks Using variable Oversampled Complex- Modulated Filter Banks", Hindawi Publishing Corporation,EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing, Vol. 2007,pp.1-15,2007.
[5]. TeroIhalainen,T.H.Stitz et al.,"Channel Equalization in Filter Bank based Multicarrirer Modulation For Wireless Communacation",Hindawi Publishing Corporation,EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing,Vol.2007,pp.1-18,2007.

The telecom sector has impacted every aspect of our lives across all States in India. It has been recognized as a key to the rapid growth and modernization of the economy and a very important and significant tool for the socio-economic development.The sector has come a long way from being monopolized by the government of India to the current state wherein, Private participation from Industry is allowed and actually has become one of the largest market in the world.

[1]. Ramesh Subramanian, (2008), " The (Continuing) Evolution of India's Telecom Policy, Information Systems Management Department, School of Business, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT USA, Publisher: Communications of IIM Ahmedabad
[2]. Harsh Dwivedi &Kavya Saini, (2011), Indian Telecom Sector: Paradigm Shift, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN COMMERCE, IT & MANAGEMENT, VOLUME NO. 1 (5), Page 29.
[3]. Vaishali& Pravin Shaikh, (2014), Business strategies in Telecom sector in India, INDIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH, Volume No. 4(6), Page 263.
[4]. Muhammad Hassan Raza & Imran Raza, (2013), Technological Management and Modern Telecommunication Market Place, World Applied Sciences Journal, Volume No. 21 (11), Page 1651.
[5]. Cuwen P. Assessing the meltdown in the telecommunication sector. 2005.

The Indian telecom sector has come to an interesting phase of its evolution. All Telecom operators are currently in the process of consolidation especially after Jio's launch in the market and looking at each cost expenditure for its optimization. The primary reason of this sudden shift is because of the entry of a big time player Jio in India. It is evident from the current scenario that the Voice alone will not be sufficient to generate revenue and hence the focus is required to be shifted towards various data services.

[1]. Ramesh Subramanian, (2008), The (Continuing) Evolution of India's Telecom Policy, Information Systems Management Department, School of Business, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT USA, Publisher: Communications of IIM Ahmedabad
[2]. Harsh Dwivedi &Kavya Saini, (2011), Indian Telecom Sector: Paradigm Shift, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN COMMERCE, IT & MANAGEMENT, VOLUME NO. 1 (5), Page 29.
[3]. Muhammad Hassan Raza & Imran Raza, (2013), Technological Management and Modern Telecommunication Market Place, World Applied Sciences Journal, Volume No. 21 (11), Page 1651.
[4]. Byeong-Yun Chang, (2011), School of Business Administration, Ajou University, Business Process Management of Telecommunication Companies: Fulfilment and Operations Support and Readiness Cases, International Journal of future Generation Communication and Networking, Volume No.4 (9), Page 73.
[5]. Cuwen P. Assessing the meltdown in the telecommunication sector. 2005.

The relevance of heat treatment in service life performance of machines has been of immense benefit in manufacturing industries and nation‟s socio-economic development. Industrial machines fail as a result of inappropriate selection and treatment of materials, thereby resulting into our Nigeria‟s industrial economic recession. To this end, SAE 1056 Steel was treated with Snail shell and Wood Charcoal respectively at a maximum of 11000C. The carburization process decreases the hardness value of samples carburized with Wood Charcoal with increase in carburizing temperature. The carburization treatment followed by the water quenching and tempering.............

[1] M.H. Frihat, "Effect of Heat Treatment Parameters on the Mechanical and Microstructure Properties of Low-Alloy Steel‟. Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology, 5, 2015, 214-227.

[2] D. Majumbera, ISD Ints, Vol. 29, 1989, Pp 524-28

[3] K.A. Mahat, "Time and Temperature effects on Fracture Properties of Carburized low Carbon Steel‟. University Tenknikal Kebangsaan Malaysia, 2007.

[4] M.F. Ashby and R. H. J. David, "Engineering Materials 2', Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1992.

[5] G.S. Gupta, A. Chaudhuri, and K.P. Vasanth , Mater. Science.Technology, Vol. 18, 2002, Pp 1188-94

Mining Engineering in Nigeria has the capacity of providing huge economic benefits. However, the colossal effects of mining engineering activities in Olapeleke, Ewekoro suburb were investigated. A structured questionnaire and Environmental Impact analysis (EIA) conducted revealed that the alkali Oxides (K2O and Na2O) contaminates water consumption effluence from the Ewekoro plants. This had led to Gross unemployment, inadequate livelihood opportunities; set back in education, poor governance and legislation also had inevitably posed band-wagon effects on our other capabilities in the humanities for instance. This inadvertently present new threats to the survivability and sustainability of our marine and ecosystems Consequent upon the foregoing the paper intends to adopt mathematical and statistical approach in proffering solutions to the impending challenges.

[1]. J.A. Adekoya, "Environmental Effect of Solid Minerals Mining‟. J.Physical . Sci. Kenya, 2003, Pp. 625–640.
[2]. D.E. Ajakaiye, "Environmental Problems associated with Mineral Exploitation in Nigeria‟. A Paper Presented at the 21st Annual Conference of the Nigeria Mining and Geosciences Society held at Jos, 1985, pp. 140–148.
[3]. O. Ololade and K. Akinrinade, "Sorrowful Songs from Ogun community‟, The Nation, Saturday Magazine, August 16, 2014
[4]. L. Olofinji, "The Limestone Brouhaha of Ewekoro Community‟, Nigeria Real Estate Vault, Iwenya Ugbogho, Lekki, Lagos, Nigeria ,Real Estate Articles, May 21, 2015
[5]. A. Aribigbola, A. Fatusin, F. Afolabi and A. Fagbohunka, "Assessment of Health and Environmental Challenges of Cement Factory on Ewekoro Community Residents, Nigeria‟, American Journal of Human Ecology, Vol. 1, No. 2, 2012, 51-57

Agroforestry applied on the set of Bateke, DRC was the subject of a scientific analysis based on natural forest regeneration inventories in the undergrowth A. auriculiformis and A.mangium, a time sequence of six different ages (3, 4, 7, 9, 10 and 29years). It aims to evaluate, analyze and measure the impact of agroforestry systems (SAFTS) on natural forest regeneration after reforestation plantations A. auriculiformis, to A. mangium and conservation of biodiversity on the plateau of Bateke. Multivariate analysis of the generalized linear model procedure (GLM) performed on the collected database, revealed a significant effect of the species on the site, the age of plantations, the DBH (cm), the total height of shaft (m) and basal area (m2 / ha). The results obtained as the establishment..............

[1]. ANONYME, 1979. Écosystèmes Forestiers tropicaux, état de connaissances, P.U.F, 740p.
[2]. ATANGANA A., KHASA D., CHANG S., DEGRANGE A., 2014. Agroforesterie tropicale (1ère éd.; traduit par A.Atangana, M. Beaudoin-Nadeau et D.Khasa), Québec : Département des Sciences du bois et de la forêt, Université Laval, 412p.
[3]. BELESI H., 2009 Étude floristique, phytogéographique et phytosociologique de la végétation du Bas-Kasai en République Démocratique du Congo. Thèse de doct.Unikin. Fac.des Sciences. Groupe environnement.565p
[4]. BILOSO, M., 2008.Valorisation des produits forestiers non ligneux des plateaux de bateke en péripherie de Kinshasa (RD Congo), Thèse, Faculté des sciences, Ecoleinterfacultaire de bioingénieurs, Service d'écologie du paysage et systèmes de production végétale, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 252p.
[5]. DOUCET J-L., 2003. L'Alliance délicate de la gestion et de la biodiversité dans les forêts du Gabon. Thèse de doctorat, Faculté Universitaire des Sciences Agronomiques Gembloux, 323 p + Annexes.

Camelina seeds are a captivating source of vegetal oil, used for both food and industrial applications. The current work aims at intensifying In-Situ Transesterification (ISTE) using swell-texturing by Instant Controlled Pressure-Drop (DIC). This DIC swell-texturing produced twice more biodiesel (0.7731 against 0.39 35 g FAME/g ddb).

[1]. M. Avram, M. Stroescu, A. Stoica-guzun, and O. Floarea, "Optimization of the oil extraction from Camelina ( Camelina sativa ) seeds using response surface methodology," Rev. Chim., vol. 66, pp. 417–421, 2015.
[2]. A. Sampath, "Chemical characterization of camelina seed oil," Master Thesis, The State University of New Jersey, Graduate School-New Brunswick, 2009.
[3]. H. Abramovič, B. Butinar, and V. Nikolič, "Changes occurring in phenolic content, tocopherol composition and oxidative stability of Camelina sativa oil during storage," Food Chem., vol. 104, no. 3, pp. 903–909, 2007.
[4]. D. H. Putnam, J. T. Budin, L. A. Field, and W. M. Breene, "Camelina: A promising low-input oilseed," New Crops, John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY. pp. 314–322, 1993.
[5]. E. A. Waraich et al., "Camelina sativa, a climate proof crop, has high nutritive value and multiple-uses: A review," Aust. J. Crop Sci., vol. 7, no. 10, pp. 1551–1559, 2013.

Agroforestry applied on the set of Bateke, DRC was the subject of a scientific analysis based on natural forest regeneration inventories in the undergrowth A. auriculiformis and A.mangium, a time sequence of six different ages (3, 4, 7, 9, 10 and 29years). It aims to evaluate, analyze and measure the impact of agroforestry systems (SAFTS) on natural forest regeneration after reforestation plantations A. auriculiformis, to A. mangium and conservation of biodiversity on the plateau of Bateke. Multivariate analysis of the generalized linear model procedure (GLM) performed on the collected database, revealed a significant effect of the species on the site, the age of plantations, the DBH (cm), the total height of shaft (m) and basal area (m2 / ha). The results obtained as the establishment..............

[1]. ANONYME, 1979. Écosystèmes Forestiers tropicaux, état de connaissances, P.U.F, 740p.
[2]. ATANGANA A., KHASA D., CHANG S., DEGRANGE A., 2014. Agroforesterie tropicale (1ère éd.; traduit par A.Atangana, M. Beaudoin-Nadeau et D.Khasa), Québec : Département des Sciences du bois et de la forêt, Université Laval, 412p.
[3]. BELESI H., 2009 Étude floristique, phytogéographique et phytosociologique de la végétation du Bas-Kasai en République Démocratique du Congo. Thèse de doct.Unikin. Fac.des Sciences. Groupe environnement.565p
[4]. BILOSO, M., 2008.Valorisation des produits forestiers non ligneux des plateaux de bateke en péripherie de Kinshasa (RD Congo), Thèse, Faculté des sciences, Ecoleinterfacultaire de bioingénieurs, Service d'écologie du paysage et systèmes de production végétale, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 252p.
[5]. DOUCET J-L., 2003. L'Alliance délicate de la gestion et de la biodiversité dans les forêts du Gabon. Thèse de doctorat, Faculté Universitaire des Sciences Agronomiques Gembloux, 323 p + Annexes.

The quadratic Diophantine equation given by 10𝑤2 − 𝑥2 − 𝑦2 + 𝑧2 = 𝑡2 is analyzed for its
patterns of non-zero distinct integral solutions. A few interesting relations between the solutions and special
polygonal numbers are exhibited.

[1]. GopalanMA,SangeetheG.On the Ternary Cubic Diophantine Equation y2  Dx2  z3 Archimedes J.Math, 2011,1(1):7-14.
[2]. GopalanMA,VijayashankarA,VidhyalakshmiS.Integral solutions of Ternary cubic Equation, 2 2 2 2 x  y  xy  2(x  y  2)  (k  3)z , Archimedes J.Math,2011;1(1):59-65.

[3]. GopalanM.A,GeethaD,Lattice points on the Hyperboloid of two sheets x2 6xy  y2  6x  2y  5  z2  4 Impact J.Sci.Tech,2010,4,23-32.
[4]. GopalanM.A,VidhyalakshmiS,KavithaA,Integral points on the Homogenous Cone 2 2 2 z  2x  7y
,The Diophantus J.Math,2012,1(2) 127-136.
[5]. GopalanM.A,VidhyalakshmiS,SumathiG,Lattice points on the Hyperboloid of one sheet 2 2 2 4z  2x  3y  4 , The Diophantus J.Math,2012,1(2),109-115.

This paper discuss optic transceiver design and measurement of free space optical channel characteristic in term of the geometric loss. FSO is a point to point communication system in free space using infrared LED or laser as light source. FSO is supposed to be a counterpart of existing conventional microwave radio link in the future. Its application may be prefered due to some advantages such as unlicensed operation, free of electromagnetic interference and easy to deploy where cable run is not possible. Issue, such as, noise caused by surrounding light have to be taken into acccount therefore modulation scheme is used to prevent the noise and the use of aspheric plano convex lens are also made to solve a problem of optical link range..............

[1]. Leitgeb, E., M. Gebhart, U. Birnbacher, S. Sheikh Muhammad, dan Ch Chlestil. Applications of Free Space Optics for Broadband Access. In Optical Networks and Technologies, 579–86. IFIP International Federation for Information Processing. Springer, Boston, MA, 2005. doi:10.1007/0-387-23178-1
[2]. Little, T. D. C., P. Dib, K. Shah, N. Barraford, dan B. Gallagher. ―Using LED Lighting for Ubiquitous Indoor Wireless Networking. In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications, 373–78, 2008. doi:10.1109/WiMob.2008.57.
[3]. Nadeem, F., V. Kvicera, M. S. Awan, E. Leitgeb, S. S. Muhammad, dan G. Kandus. Weather effects on hybrid FSO/RF communication link. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 27, no. 9 (Desember 2009): 1687–97. doi:10.1109/JSAC.2009.091218.
[4]. Sandalidis, H. G., T. A. Tsiftsis, G. K. Karagiannidis, dan M. Uysal. BER Performance of FSO Links over Strong Atmospheric Turbulence Channels with Pointing Errors. IEEE Communications Letters 12, no. 1 (Januari 2008): 44–46. doi:10.1109/LCOMM.2008.071408

Next Generation Networks (NGN) has a major impact on existing communication technology. The main goal of Next Generation Networks is to give a greater flexibility to the users to access the desired services from the available heterogeneous networks at anytime, anywhere vigorously with the concept of generalized mobility. Mobility management is one of the crucial functions in NGN. It is very much essential to develop heterogeneous network compatibilities and modified mobility management functionalities to provide high QoS with seamless generalized mobility for NGN system. One of the major problems of NGN is to development of new architectural concepts, protocols and functionalities for mobility management to adopt generalized mobility in order to provide seamless services to NGN users. This paper aims to develop a novel architecture for NGN and proposes host based handover approaches.

[1] Next Generation Networks – Frameworks and functional architecture models, General overview of NGN, SERIES Y: GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE, INTERNET PROTOCOL
ASPECTS AND NEXT-GENERATION NETWORKS, ITU-T Recommendation Y.2001, 2004.
[2] Liu Xiaoyu and Han Youn-Hee, "Handover Scenarios and Use Cases between 802.16 and 802.11", IEEE., 2004.
[3] Wojcik Robert, "Architecture of NGN by ITU-T", AGH University of Science and Technology,
Poland, 2009.

The Special Problems of E-geometry [47] consist the ,Mould Quantization, of Euclidean Geometry in it , to become
→Monad, through mould of Space –Anti-space in itself ,which is the Material Dipole in monad Structure →Linearly, through mould of Parallel Theorem [44- 45],which are the equal distances between points of parallel and line → In Plane , through mould of Squaring the circle [46] , where two equal and perpendicular monads consist a Plane acquiring the common Plane-meter, π,→and in Space (volume) , through mould of the Duplication of the Cube [46], where any two Unequal perpendicular monads acquire the common Space-meter ³√2 , to be twice each other.[44-47] . Now is added the , Stores of Quantization , which is the Regular-Polygons Mechanism . The Unification of Space and Energy becomes through [STPL] Geometrical Mould Mechanism , the minimum Energy-Quanta ,In monads → Particles, Anti-particles, Bosons, Gravity –Force, Gravity-Field , Photons, Dark Matter, and Dark-Energy ,consisting the Material Dipoles in inner monad Structures[39-41]................. .

[1]. Matrix Structure of Analysis by J.L.MEEK library of Congress Catalog 1971.
[2]. Der Zweck im Rect by Rudolf V. Jhering 1935.
[3]. The great text of J. L.Heisenberg (1883-1886) English translation by Richard Fitzpatrick. Elements Book 1. Wikipedia.org, the free Encyclopedia.
[4]. Greek Mathematics, Sir Thomas L.Heath – Dover Publications, Inc, New York. 63-3571.
[5]. [T] Theory of Vibrations by William T. Thomson (Fourth edition).