Arsenate removal from aqueous solutions by guava seeds chemically modified with iron (FeGS) in batch and fixed-bed systems was investigated. The effect of different parameters, such as initial arsenate concentration, biosorbent dose, and contact time, was studied on the sorption process. Batch-type contact experiments were performed to evaluate the kinetics and equilibrium of arsenate [As(V)] sorption. The maximum adsorption capacity of FeGs was 1.18 mg/g. The physical characterization of the biosorbent after adsorption showed arsenate removal in different functional groups on the surface of the modified material. These results suggested that the sorption mechanism was chemisorption on a heterogeneous material...........

[1] Barathi M, Santhana Krishna KA., Rajesh N. Efficacy of novel Al–Zr impregnated cellulose adsorbent prepared using microwave irradiation for the facile defluoridation of water. J Env Eng. 2013;1:1325-1335. DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2013.09.026
[2] Dupont L, Jolly G, Aplincourt, M. (2007) Arsenic adsorption on lignocellulosic substrate loaded with ferric ion. Env Chem Lett. 2007;5:125-129. DOI: 10.1007/s10311-007-0092-3
[3] López-Leal MA, Cortés-Martínez R, Alfaro-Cuevas-Villanueva R, Martínez-Flores HE, Cortés-Penagos CJ. (2012) Arsenate biosorption by iron-modified pine sawdust in batch systems: Kinetics and equilibrium studies. Bioresources. 2012; 7(2):1389-1404. Available at: <http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/view/BioRes_07_2_1389_Arsenate_Biosorption_Fe_Mod_Pine_Sawdust>. Date accessed: 22 Apr. 2019.
[4] Macedo-Miranda MG, Olguín MT. Arsenic sorption by modified clinoptilolite-heulandite rich tuffs. J Incl Phenom Macro Chem. 2007; 59:131-142. DOI: 10.1007/s10847-007-9306-3
[5] Smedley PL, Kinniburgh DG. A review of the source, behaviour and distribution of arsenic in natural waters. Appl Geochem. 2002;1:517-568. DOI: 10.1016/S0883-2927(02)00018-5

Computational simulations tools have transformed the shape-finding and form-finding processes of architectural and engineering endeavors from the last decades of the 20th century up to our present date, mostly in structural analysis and in rather urgent environmental comfort related analysis. It is known that the (Architecture, Engineering, and Construction) AEC industry is one of the most pollutant economic sectors of the globe, and that the financial and carbon of the lighting cost of its interior spatial outputs throughout their life cycles is substantial. Thus, this research presents itself as an experimental computational simulation in the realm of natural lighting of architectural design, with the objective to measure the illuminance levels pertaining to natural lighting..........

[1]. Aguilar-Carrasco M.T., Díaz-Borrego J., Acosta I., Campano M. Á., Domínguez-Amarillo S. (2023), Validation of lighting parametric workflow tools of Ladybug and Solemma using CIE test cases. Journal of Building Engineering, 64. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.105608.
[2]. Faraji A., Rezaei F., Rahnamayiezekavat P., Rashidi M., Soleimani H. (2023), Subjective and Simulation-Based Analysis of Discomfort Glare Metrics in Office Buildings with Light Shelf Systems. Sustainability, 15. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511885.
[3]. Michael A., Heracleous C. (2017), Assessment of natural lighting performance and visual comfort of educational architecture in Southern Europe: The case of typical educational school premises in Cyprus. Energy and Buildings, 140. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.12.087.
[4]. Pellegrino A., Cammarano S., Savio V. (2015). Daylighting for Green Schools: A Resource for Indoor Quality and Energy Efficiency in Educational Environments. Energy Procedia, 78, 3162-3167. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.11.774.
[5]. Settino J., Carpino C., Perrella S., Arcuri N. (2023), Multi-Objective Analysis of a Fixed Solar Shading System in Different Climatic Areas. Energies, 13:12. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/en13123249.

In this study, Iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) were synthesized using Moringa oleifera leaf extract as both reducing and stabilizing agent using green synthesis method and characterized using Ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, pH, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The determination of pH at different time interval shows a gradual decrease as a function of time and stabilizes from 14-24th hour and this confirm the stability of the nanoparticles. The UV spectroscopy results shows that the synthesized FeNPs varies in the range of 300-500nm. The FTIR spectrum reveal the functional groups responsible for the reduction and synthesis of the nanoparticles, this is obvious from the two spectra of biomass and Iron that the flavonoids and phenolic led to the bio-reduction. It can be concluded that iron nanoparticles synthesized using Moringa oleifera can be applied in medicine, as a curative agent and in domestic waste water treatment. The characterization results confirm the formation and presence of iron nanoparticles thus obtained is evaluated for simultaneous removal of total phosphates, nitrates and chemical oxygen demand.

[1]. Oluwole Samuel Aremu, Lebogang Katata-Seru, Tshepiso Moremedi, Indra Bahadur.,2018. Green synthesis of iron nanoparticles using moringa oleifera extracts and their applications: removal of nitrate from water and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. Journel of Molecular Liquids 256,296-304. [2]. Carole Silveira, Quelen Leticia Shimabuku, Marcela Fernandes Silva, Rosangela Bergamasco.,2018. Iron-oxide nanoparticles by the green synthesis method using Moringa oleifera leaf extract for fluoride removal. Environmental technology 39(22),2926- 2936. [3]. K.G Ahila, M Vasanthy, C Thamaraiselvi.,2018. Green synthesis of Magnetic iron nanoparticle using Moringa oleifera Lam Seeds and its Application in Textile Effluent Treatment. Utilization and Management of Bioresources, 315-324.[4]. Talal Shahwan, S Abu Sirriah, MuathNairat, EzelBoyaci, Ahmet E Eroglu, Thomas B Scott, Keith R Hallam.,2011. Green synthesis of iron nanoparticles and their application as a Fenton-like catalyst for the degradation of aqueous cationic and anionic dyes. Chemical Engineering Journal 172(1),258-266. [5]. CP Devatha, K Jagadeesh, Mallikarjun Patil.,2018. Effect of green synthesized iron nanoparticles by Azardirachta Indica in different proportions on antibacterial activity. Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and management 9, 85-94.

In a poorly gauged to ungauged environment, the exploitation of Digital Terrain Models of the Chari and Logone sub-basins has made it possible to highlight their water potential. The extraction of the physical characteristics of the related sub-watersheds led to the determination of their respective flows by the use of Model of the NRCS (National Resources Conservation Service). The aggregation of flows and the processing of the consecutive water flow directions will contribute to controlling the drying up of Lake Chad and the ecosystems will be relieved of climate stress.

[1]. Pouyaud, B., Colombani, J. : Les variations extrêmes du Lac Tchad : l'assèchement est-il possible ? Annales de Géographie, N°545, XCVIIIe, 1989, https://www.persee.fr/doc/geo_0003-4010_1989_num_98_545_20887
[2]. Magrin, G., Lemoalle, J. : L'avenir du lac Tchad : les échelles de l'incertitude. In : Raimond C. (Eds.), Sylvestre Florence (Eds.), Zakinet D. (Eds.), Moussa A. (Eds.), Le Tchad des lacs : les zones humides sahéliennes au défi du changement global. Marseille, IRD, 289-303, ISBN 978-2-7099-2715-4, 2019. https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers21-03/010076341,
[3]. Bonifica, S.p.A., : Transaqua : Una idea per il Sahel, IRI ITALSTAT, Roma, 9 pp,1982.
http://www.renardet.com/fr/transaqua-africa-sahel/ [4]. Géraud M., Double alchimie au lac Tchad : où comment transformer la ressource en pénurie et la pénurie en ressources, p 167-197, Ressources mondialisées, Edition de la Sorbonne, Paris, OpenEdition Books, 2022. https://books.openedition.org/psorbonne/100875
[5]. Yombombe, M. T., Tamo, T. T., Evaluation of Flows in Poorly Gauged for the Improvement of the Hydraulicity of Lake Chad. International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, Vol. 13, Issue 1, January 2023, pp. 87-95 J13018795.pdf (ijera.com)

Extracting regulatory motifs from the DNA sequence seems to increase with intense enthusiasm. The existing motif discovery models failed to cover multiple motifs that occurred in DNA sequence, did not run the risk of getting stuck in a local optimum, and were time-consuming in handling dozens of sequences. Therefore, in this work, an approach based on multi-objective optimization is used for motif discovery. Initially, the input DNA sequences are preprocessed to remove the inconsistencies and divide the lengthy sequence into shorter lengths. After that, the gram-tree representation is used to find all motifs effectively in the target sequence. The resultant output in the form of the alphanumeric DNA sequence is converted into the numerical form using the OH-ECE, and the MNBIRCH is used to categorize the motifs DNA sequence..........

[1]. Alam, S. M. S., Kowser, I., Islam, M. A. J., Zaman, S. S., Kabir, T. T., & Ashraf, F. B. (2021).An Efficient Metaheuristic Approach for Finding Motifs from DNA Sequences.In 2021 5th International Conference on Electrical Information and Communication Technology (EICT), 1-5.
[2]. Ashraf, F. B., &Shafi, M. S. R. (2020).Mfea: An evolutionary approach for motif finding in dna sequences. Informatics in Medicine Unlocked, 21, pp.1-9. [3]. Choi, W. S., & Garcia-Diaz, M. (2022).A minimal motif for sequence recognition by mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM). Nucleic Acids Research, 50(1), 322-332. [4]. Donohue, L. K., Guo, M. G., Zhao, Y., Jung, N., Bussat, R. T., Kim, D. S., ...&Khavari, P. A. (2022). A cis-regulatory lexicon of DNA motif combinations mediating cell-type-specific gene regulation. Cell genomics, 2(11), 1-12.
[5]. Fakharzadeh, A., Zhang, J., Roland, C., &Sagui, C. (2022). Novel eGZ-motif formed by regularly extruded guanine bases ina left-handed Z-DNA helix as a major motif behind CGG trinucleotide repeats. Nucleic Acids Research, 50(9), 4860-4876.

Free torsional vibration of doubly symmetric thin-walled beams of open section using spectral dynamics is carried out in this paper. Frequency equation for the case of doubly symmetric thin-walled beam with unequal rotational restraints at the ends of the beam is derived in this paper. The derived Frequency equation with appropriate boundary conditions is derived and is solved for varying values of warping parameter and the rotational restraint parameters. The effects of the unequal rotational restraint parameters and the warping parameter on the free torsional vibration frequencies are investigated in detail. A computer program using MATLAB is developed to solve the spectral frequency equation derived. Natural frequencies for various values of unequal rotational restraint parameters for different values of warping parameter are obtained. Results are presented in both tabular as well as graphical form showing the influence of these parameters on the values of fundamental torsional frequency parameters clearly.

[1]. Bishop, R E D , Johnson, D C , Vibration Analysis Tables, Cambridge University Press, (1956)
[2]. Chun, K R , Free vibration of a beam with one end spring-hinged and other free, Journal of Applied Mechanics, 39 (4), 1154-1155 (1972)
[3]. Mcbain, J C , Genin, J , Natural frequencies of a beam considering support characteristics, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 27 (2), 197-206 (1973)
[4]. Mcbain, J C , Genin, J , Effect of support flexibility on the fundamental frequency of vibrating beams, Journal of the Franklin Institute, 296, 259-273 (1973)
[5]. Grant, D A , Vibration frequencies for a uniform beam with one end elastically supported and carrying a mass at the other end, Journal of Applied Mechanics, 42 (2), 878-880 (1975)

Free torsional vibration of doubly symmetric thin-walled beams of open section using spectral dynamics approach, is carried out in this paper. Frequency equation for the case of doubly symmetric thin- walled beam fixed at one end and the other end elastically restrained is derived in this paper. The derived Frequency equation with appropriate boundary conditions is solved for varying values of warping parameter and the elastic restraint parameters. The effects of restraint parameters and the warping parameter on the free torsional vibration frequencies are investigated in detail. A computer program using MATLAB is developed to solve the spectral frequency equation derived. Natural frequencies for various values of linear and rotational restraint parameters for different values of warping parameter are obtained.Results are presented in both tabular as well as graphical form showing the influence of these parameters on the values of fundamental torsional frequency parameters clearly.

[1]. Bishop, R. E. D., Johnson, D. C., Vibration Analysis Tables, Cambridge University Press, (1956).
[2]. Chun,K. R., Free vibration of a beam with one end spring-hinged and other free, Journal of Applied Mechanics, 39(4), 1154- 1155(1972).
[3]. Mcbain, J. C., Genin, J., Natural frequencies of a beam considering support characteristics, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 27(2), 197-206(1973).

[4]. Mcbain,J. C.,Genin, J., Effect of support flexibility on the fundamental frequency of vibrating beams, Journal of the Franklin Institute, 296, 259-273(1973).
[5]. Grant,D.A., Vibration frequencies for a uniform beam with one end elastically supported and carrying a mass at the other end, Journal of Applied Mechanics, 42(2), 878-880(1975).

The present paper deals with spectral dynamic analysis of free torsional vibration of doubly symmetric thin-walled beams of open section. Spectral frequency equation is derived in this paper for the case of rotationally restrained doubly-symmetric thin-walled beam with one end rotationally restrained and transversely restrained at the other end. The resulting transcendental frequency equation with appropriate boundary conditions is derived and is solved for varying values of warping parameter and the rotational and transverse restraint parameter. The influence of rotational restraint parameter, transverse restraint parameter and warping parameter on the free torsional vibration frequencies is investigated in detail...........

[1]. D. YOUNG and R. P. FELGAR JR. 1949 Tables of Characteristic Functions Representing Normal Modes of Vibration of a Beam. University of Texas publication, No. 4913.
[2]. R. E. D. BISHOP and D. C. JOHNSON 1956 Vibration Analysis Tables. Cambridge University Press. VIBRATIONS OF GENERALLY RESTRAINED BEAMS.
[3]. T. C. CHANG and R. R. CRAIG 1969 Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division, American Society of Civil Engineers I|, 1027-1031. Normal modes of uniform beams.
[4]. E. G. PASSlG 1970 Nuclear Engineering and Design 14, 198-200. End slope and fundamental frequency of vibrating fuel rods.
[5]. K. R. CHUN 1972 Journal of Applied Mechanics 39, 1154-1155. Free vibration of a beam with one end spring-hinged and other free.

Many woody species occurring in the Amazon Rainforest lack studies on their metabolism. Bagassa guianensis Aubl. (Moraceae family), the only representative of this genus is an endemic species to the Amazon. This species represents an important resource of interest for the lumber sector due to the properties of its wood, such as its good mechanical strength, high density. This wood has been classified as being resistant to fungal and termite attack. In the present study, we evaluated the secondary metabolites of B. guianensis and discussed the relationship between these metabolites and the natural durability of its wood. The methanolic extract fractionation wood residues using different chromatographic techniques..........

[1]. Nhuchhen, D.R., Basu, P., Acharya, B.A. 2014. Compressive review on biomass torrefecation. Intern J Renew Energy Biofuels 2014, 506376, 56p. https://doi.org/10.5171/2014.506376

[2]. Gottlieb, G. 1992. Individual development and evolution. The genesis of novel behavior. Oxford University Press, New York, 231p.

[3]. Tropicos - Missouri Botanical Garden 2023. Available from: https://www.tropicos.org/name/Search?name=Bagassa%20guianensis. Accessed on 25/09/2023.

[4]. Costa, F.N., Cardoso, R.P., Mendes, C.S., Rodrigues, P.R.G., Reis, A.R.S. 2019. Natural resistance of seven amazon woods to xylophagous termite Nasutitermes octopilis (Banks). FLORAM, 26 (3), e20170145, 7pg. https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.014517.

[5]. Reis, A.R.S., Reis, L.P., Alves, M., Carvalho, J.C., Ribeiro, J.R.S. 2017. Natural resistance of four Amazon woods submitted to xylophagous fungal infection under laboratory conditions. Madera Bosques, 23(2), 155-162. https://doi.org/10.21829/ myb.2017.232968.