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IJERD : Volume 6, Issue 6

B. Sunil Kumar, D. Priyanka, C. Srinivasulu, A. Santosh Kumar

Multi Tenancy supported Service Process Architecture for business process customization in cloud
  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • Reference
  • Full Article
Now a days business processes of most organizations are automated to support the advanced workflow management systems. Day to day changes in market conditions forces the need for frequent updates or development of new process creations of current systems, which leads to high cost, resources, infrastructure and long development time of application. Due to these problems, business organizations become as process consumers and looking for ready to use and shared business processes from IT providers for on demandrequirements. This is the reason to develop Cloud Computing and Business ProcessOutsourcing with the development of new concept Process as a Service (PaaS) under the scope of SOA based Software as a Service(SaaS). Business policies are different from organization to organization, so process providers are unable to share non customizablebusiness processes among cross-organizational service consumers in SOA. To overcome this problem, in this paper we are introducing a new framework Multi Tenancy supported Service Process Architecture(MTSPA)is an extension for SOA architecture with multi-tenancy capabilities in cloudcomputing. This framework is designed with an architectural style to support the sharing ofbusiness processes for cross organizational consumers or tenants in process development,particularly on service processes in SOA. Our framework implementation allows the consumers for process customization and policy definitionsto improve the performance of business cloud with new service PaaS.
Process as a Service, Cloud Computing, Business Processes, Multi-tenancy, SOA.

[1] Ali Arsanjani, Liang-Jie Zhang, Michael Ellis, Abdul Allam, and Kishore Channabasavaiah. S3: A service-oriented reference architecture. IEEE IT Professional, 9(3):10–17, 2007.
[2] Oasis web services coordination (ws-coordination), 2009. http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-tx/wscoor/2006/06.
[3] Thanh Thoa Pham Thi, Markus Helfert, Fakir Hossain, and Thang Le Dinh. Discovering business rules from business process models.
[4] Paul Grefen, Rik Eshuis, Nikolay Mehandjiev, Giorgos Kouvas, and Georg Weich-hart. Internet-based support for process-oriented instant virtual enterprises. IEEE Internet Computing, 13(6):65–73, 2009.
[5] Rik Eshuis and Alex Norta. A framework for service outsourcing using process views. In IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference,2010.....

Citation
B. Sunil Kumar, D. Priyanka, C. Srinivasulu, A. Santosh Kumar "Multi Tenancy supported Service Process Architecture for business process customization in cloud" published at International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, Volume 6, Issue 6 (March 2013)
MID 0606.067X.0061. India
Page 01-05
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P.K. Wankhade, D. S. Ingole

Thermocouple Testing by Comparative Evaluation with Assistance of developed Programming
  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • Reference
  • Full Article
Thermocouples are widely used to measure temperature in industries and science. Two thermocouples respond somewhat differently under identical measurement conditions. As a result, these need to be tested and calibrated to produce interpretable measurement. This paper discusses about the experimental set-up developed to carry out the testing of thermocouples, after establishing an interface between the thermocouple test set and PC for quick and precise results. The computer software was also developed to plot comparative thermocouple performance characteristics.
Thermocouple, Temperature, Calibration, Computer Interface, Sensors.

[1]. Anderson N. A., Instrumentation for Process Measurement and Control, Chilton Company, 3rd Ed., (1980), p.133.
[2]. Calibration of Temperature Measuring Instruments, National Physical Laboratory, (1957).
[3]. Considine D. M., Industrial Instruments and Control Handbook, McGraw Hill, 4th Ed., (1993), p. 7.2.
[4]. D. Ripple, G.W.Burns, M.G.ScrogerAssessment of Uncertainties of Thermocouple calibration at NIST publication 250-35 (U.S. government printing office, Washington, DC, 1993)
[5]. Doebelin E. O., Measurement Systems, McGraw Hill, 4th Ed., (1990), p. 628....

Citation
P.K. Wankhade, D. S. Ingole "Thermocouple Testing by Comparative Evaluation with Assistance of developed Programming" published at International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, Volume 6, Issue 6 (March 2013)
MID 0606.067X.0062. India
Page 06-09
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Mr. Hazhar M. Aziz, Prof. R.A.Joshi
Turbidity Removal from Water by Electrical Method
  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • Reference
  • Full Article
There is a need of more cost-effective methods to purify a wide range of polluted water on-site, and with minimal additives that are required for sustainable water management. Electrolytic treatment of wastewater presents an innovative technology in which a sacrificial metal anode and cathode produce electrically active coagulants and tiny bubbles of hydrogen and oxygen in water. Present study was done to know turbidity removal from water by electrical method and satisfying objective ―cost effectiveness'. Study reveals that applying low voltage for longer period is more beneficial in turbidity removal. Application of higher voltage also remove the turbidity but not effective as lower voltage for longer time span. Higher voltage also increase the treatment cost so lower voltage for longer time span will be effective and cost benefit will be advantage.
electrolysis, voltage, turbidity.

[1] U. S.M.A Guelli Souza, A.R. Melo, A.A. Ulson de Souza. Resources Conservation and Recycling, 2006, 49:1–13.
[2] X. Chen, G. Chen, P.L. Yue. Chemical Engineering Science, 2002, 57: 2449 – 2455.
[3] C. Feng, N. Sugiura S. Shimada, T. Maekawa. J. Hazard. Mater. B., 2003, 103: 65-78.
[4] D. Bejan, F. Sagitova, N.J. Bunce. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2005,35:897–902.
[5] S.H. Lin, C.T. Shyu, M.C. Sun. Water Res., 1998, 32: 1059 – 1066....

Citation
Mr. Hazhar M. Aziz, Prof. R.A.Joshi "Turbidity Removal from Water by Electrical Method" published at International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, Volume 6, Issue 6 (March 2013)
MID 0606.067X.0063. India
Page 10-15
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aned 067X-0606-1015

 

Sanjay Kumar Sen, Prof. Dr Sujata Dash

Meta Learning Algorithms for Credit Card Fraud Detection
  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • Reference
  • Full Article
Due to the rapid advancement of electronic commerce technology, there is a great and dramatic increase in credit card transactions. As credit card becomes the most popular mode of payment for both online as well as regular purchase, cases of fraud associated with it are also rising; to detect credit card frauds in electronic transactions becomes the focus of risk of control of banks. The proposed work in this paper is the combination of five supervised machine learning algorithms, Classification and Regression Tree (CART), Adaboost and Logitboost,Bagging and Dagging are proposed for classification of credit card data. These resulted forms help researchers to detect fraud in credit card. The experimental result shows the performance analysis of different meta-learning algorithms and also compared on the basis of misclassification and correct classification rate. Smaller misclassification reveals that bagging algorithm performs better classification of Credit card fraud detection technique.
Classification, Fraud detection, meta-learning algorithm, Machine Learning Algorithm, misclassification, classification.

[1]. "Global Consumer Attitude Towards On-Line Shopping, "http://www2.acnielsen.com/reports/documents/2005_cc_online shopping.pdf, Mar. 2007.
[2]. D.J. Hand, G. Blunt, M.G. Kelly, and N.M. Adams, "Data Mining for Fun and Profit," Statistical Science, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 111-131,2000.
[3]. "Statistics for General and On-Line Card Fraud,"http://www.epaynews.com/statistics/fraud.html, Mar. 2007.
[4]. S. Ghosh and D.L. Reilly, "Credit Card Fraud Detection with a Neural-Network," Proc. 27th Hawaii Int'l Conf. System Sciences:Information Systems: Decision Support and Knowledge-Based Systems, vol. 3, pp. 621-630, 1994.
[5]. M. Syeda, Y.Q. Zhang, and Y. Pan, "Parallel Granular Networks for Fast Credit Card Fraud Detection," Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. Fuzzy Systems, pp. 572-577, 2002.....

Citation
Sanjay Kumar Sen, Prof. Dr Sujata Dash "Meta Learning Algorithms for Credit Card Fraud Detection" published at International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, Volume 6, Issue 6 (March 2013)
MID 0606.067X.0064. India
Page 16-20
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aned 067X-0606-1620

 

Mohamad Agus Salim

Biomass and Lipid Content of Heterotrophic Spirogyra sp by Using Cassava Starch Hydrolysate
  • Abstract
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  • Reference
  • Full Article
Research has been conducted on Spirogyra sp heterotrophic cultivation by providing cassava starch hydrolysate (CSH) as a carbon source under dark condition. The purpose of this research was to obtain the concentration of CSH which could increase biomass concentration and lipid content of Spirogyra sp under heterotrophic cultivation. The treatment of CSH (15 g/L) could produce the highest biomass concentration and lipid content of Spirogyra sp. After 6 weeks cultivation, the maximal biomass concentration and lipid content of 12.03 g/L and 5.23 % respectively was obtained in the culture added 15 g/L cassava starch hydrolysate under dark condition, which higher than under light condition. This study revealed that algae Spirogyra sp exhibit enhanced biomass concentration and lipid content under heterotrophic cultivation, in the presence of cassava starch hydrolysate.
cassava starch hydrolysate, heterotrophic, lipid content, Sprirogyra sp.

[1]. S. Prasad, A. Singh, Jain, H.C. Joshi, Ethanol production from sweet sorghum syrup for utilization as automotive fuel in India, Energy fuels 21, (2007). 2415-2420.
[2]. G.M. de Morais, J.A. Costa, Biofixation of carbon dioxide by Spirullina Sp. and Scendesmus obliquus cultivated in a three- stage serial tubular photobioreactor. J. Biotechnol.129 (2007), 439-445.
[3]. F. S. Eshaq, M. N. Ali, M. K. Mohd, Spirogyra biomass a renewable source for biofuel (bioethanol) Production International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Vol. 2(12) (2010), 7045-7054
[4]. S. Gupta, R. Sharma, S. K. Soni, S. Sharma, Biomass utilization of waste algal consortium for extraction of algal oil,J. Algal Biomass Utln. 3 (3) (2012),: 34– 38
[5]. Andini, G. 2009. Evaluasi Potensi Makroalga Air Tawar Spirogyra sp., Hydrodyction sp., Chara sp., Nitella sp., dan Cladophora sp. Sebagai Minyak Nabati. Skripsi. Bandung.....

Citation
Mohamad Agus Salim "Biomass and Lipid Content of Heterotrophic Spirogyra sp by Using Cassava Starch Hydrolysate" published at International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, Volume 6, Issue 6 (March 2013)
MID 0606.067X.0065. Indonesia
Page 21-26
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André Michaud

Unifying All Classical Force Equations
  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • Reference
  • Full Article
It can be demonstrated that all classical force equations can be derived from one another by
means of a new definition of discrete electric and magnetic fields for localized massive particles and
that all of them amount to Newton's F=ma fundamental acceleration equation.
Gravitational force, Electrostatic force, Newton, Coulomb, Lorenz.

[1]. Georges Gamow. Gravity, Science Study Series, Doubleday, (1962).
[2]. Robert Resnick & David Halliday. Physics. John Wyley & Sons, New York, 1967.
[3]. Francis Sears, Mark Zemansky & Hugh Young. University Physics, 6th Edition, Addison Wesley,
(1984).
[4]. Paul Marmet. Fundamental Nature of Relativistic Mass and Magnetic Fields, International IFNA-ANS Journal, No. 3 (19), Vol. 9, 2003, Kazan University, Kazan, Russia. (Also available over the Internet
http://www.newtonphysics.on.ca/magnetic/mass.html).
[5]. André Michaud, Field Equations for Localized Individual Photons and Relativistic Field Equations for Localized Moving Massive Particles, International IFNA-ANS Journal, No. 2 (28), Vol. 13, 2007, p. 123-140, Kazan State University, Kazan, Russia. (Also available online at http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Essays/View/2257....

Citation
André Michaud "Unifying All Classical Force Equations" published at International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, Volume 6, Issue 6 (March 2013)
MID 0606.067X.0066. Canada
Page 27-34
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Sreekanth S. Panicker, M. Sandhya
Mathematical Modelling of Energy Recovery of Rotary Kiln and Forecasting of Co2 Emission in the Indian Cement Industry
  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • Reference
  • Full Article
This paper builds up energy balance for the Malabar Cement Plant Palakkad, Kerala, India and estimates the power that can be generated from the waste heat streams. The waste heat from the exhaust gas from the kiln and air discharge from the cooler is recovered by a waste heat steam generation unit (WHRSG). The steam then is used to power the steam turbine driven electrical generator. The electricity generated would offset a portion of the purchased electricity, thereby reducing electrical demand. The energy saved by using the waste heat recovery system is calculated as 8*106 kWhr/yr. The simple payback period of the system is calculated as 18 months. By providing a secondary stationary shell on the kiln surface, the heat loss due to radiation and convection reduces significantly. Forecasting of the CO2 emission is carried using the system dynamics model. Emission for a period of 20 years from 2010 onwards is forecasted using the software "Powersim Studio 7‟. Projection is done for a period of 20 years from 2010 onwards to 2030. The significance of energy recovery can be shown by forecasting the CO2 emissions with and without the energy recovery options applied to the system.
Mathematical Modelling of Energy Recovery of Rotary Kiln and Forecasting of Co2 Emission in the Indian Cement Industry

[1]. Shalini Anand, Prem Vrat, R.P. Dahiya, Application of System Dynamics Approach for assessment and mitigation of CO2 emission from the cement industry, Journal of Environmental Management, 2005
[2]. Deepak B, A. Ramesh, A decomposition analysis on Indian Cement industry,2011
[3]. Carlos deCastro, World energy economy scenarios with system dynamics modeling
[4]. Ali Hasanbiegi,Christophe Menke, The case study of Thai cement industry,2010
[5]. Jing Ke, Nina Xeng,Potential energy saving and CO2 emission reduction in Chinese Cement industry, 2012....

Citation
Sreekanth S. Panicker, M. Sandhya "Mathematical Modelling of Energy Recovery of Rotary Kiln and Forecasting of Co2 Emission in the Indian Cement Industry" published at International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, Volume 6, Issue 6 (March 2013)
MID 0606.067X.0067. India
Page 35-46
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aned 067X-0606-3546

 

Okolie Kevin C., Adedeji Charles Y.
Investigation into the Effects of Sick Building Syndrome on Building Occupants: A Case Study of Commercial Bank Buildings in Awka Nigeria
  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • Reference
  • Full Article
In 2012, occupants of some commercial bank buildings suffered from non-specific symptoms of malaise during the time they occupied the buildings. The symptoms seemed to disappear soon after they left the buildings. These signs suggest that some conditions within the buildings predisposed the occupants to Sick Building Syndrome (SBS). This paper examines the factors underlying the outbreak of SBS in commercial Bank buildings within the Awka urban environment of Nigeria. Conditions within two bank buildings were examined for factors that cause SBS. Data were generated from questionnaires distributed to fifty randomly sampled occupants of the buildings. The phenomenon obtaining in the buildings under scrutiny were analyzed using tables, bar charts, frequency distributions and chi-square test. The findings show that there was poor indoor air quality in the buildings under scrutiny. Furthermore, the obtaining conditions in the buildings were of stuffy, cold, and unpleasant odour (perfumes and smoke) in the working environment. These findings seem to point to an environment rife with indoor air pollution. Using the world health organization's definition of SBS, it can be suggested that the investigated buildings did harbor indoor conditions that can be described as causing the symptoms of SBS to the occupants. It is recommended that both occupants and facilities management team work together to improve the buildings' interior environment in terms of air quality and other causative conditions of SBS.
Air quality, Environment, Occupants, Pollution, Sick Building Syndrome.

[1]. Atkin, B. and Brooks, A. (2005), Total Building Performance. 2nd Edition. Oxford. Blackwell Publishers.
[2]. BBC News Online (1999): Top 10, Hot Topic, Sick Building and Toxic Mold: A cure for sick Building Syndrome. Consumer Voice Inc. http://www.msn.com/ (Accessed April 2008).
[3]. Broderbund (1999): Compton's Encyclopedia 2000: The Interactive Resource for students and parents. TLC Multimedia Inc.
[4]. Burge P.S. (2004): Sick Building Syndrome. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2004: 61: 185-190 Bmj publishing Group Ltd. http://www.oem.bmjjournal.com (Accessed August 10, 2012).
[5]. Environmental Protection Agency (1990): Fact Sheet: Ventilation and Air Quality in offices. U.S. Environmental protection Agency. http://www.epa.gov (Accessed August 10, 2012).....

Citation
Okolie Kevin C., Adedeji Charles Y. "Investigation into the Effects of Sick Building Syndrome on Building Occupants: A Case Study of Commercial Bank Buildings in Awka Nigeria" published at International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, Volume 6, Issue 6 (March 2013)
MID 0606.067X.0068. Nigeria
Page 47-53
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aned 067X-0606-4753

 

Eldho Varghese, Thomas Paul, Eldhose M.Manjummekudiyi
Environmental Friendly Concrete
  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • Reference
  • Full Article
Concrete is a very important construction material. The main composition of concrete is cement (commonly Portland Cement), coarse aggregates (such as blasted rubble), fine aggregates (such as sand) and water. Cement is the binder that binds the aggregates together. Coarse aggregates are mainly obtained from quarries, using advent blasting methods, wherever competent bedrock deposits of aggregate quality exists. Fine aggregate used is dry sand, which is available naturally or manufactured. The purpose of this paper is to study concrete behaviour by replacing the aggregates in concrete with recycled wastes. This study is intended to make construction more environmental friendly wherever recycled concrete can be used. It is also considered in regard of environment by reducing the disposal of the construction wastes by using them efficiently. The various recycled wastes which used for this purpose are- 1. Tiles- disposed broken tiles 2. Bricks- broken brick bat 3. Laterite powder 4. Concrete wastes 5. Plastering wastes.
Environmental Friendly Concrete

[1]. IS 456 – 2000, 'Plain and Reinforced Concrete- Code of Practice', (Fourth Edition), Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
[2]. IS 383 – 1970, 'Specification for Coarse and Fine Aggregates from Natural sources for Concrete',(Second Edition), Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
[3]. IS 10262 – 1982, 'Recommended Guidelines for Concrete Mix Design', Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
[4]. IS 4031 – 1988 (Part 4, 5, 6 and 11) , ' Methods of Physical Tests for Hydraulic Cement', Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
[5]. IS 516 – 1959, 'Methods of Tests for Strength of Concrete',Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi....

Citation
Eldho Varghese, Thomas Paul, Eldhose M.Manjummekudiyi "Environmental Friendly Concrete" published at International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, Volume 6, Issue 6 (March 2013)
MID 0606.067X.0069. India
Page 54-60
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aned 067X-0606-5460

 

Dharmaiah Gurram, N.Vedavathi
{2, 2}-Extendability of Planar Graphs
  • Abstract
  • Keywords
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  • Full Article
In this paper, the idea of assigning lists of varying sizes to vertices of a planar graph will be explored. Thomassen's 5-list-coloring theorem states that plane graphs are list-colorable when two adjacent vertices on the boundary of the unbounded face are precolored, other vertices on the boundary of the unbounded face are assigned lists of size 3, and all other vertices of the graph are assigned lists of size 5. This can be thought of as being 2-extendable. Thomassen also defined an analogous property of 3-extendability, and later Definition , which corresponds to having the vertices of a 3-path along the boundary of the unbounded face precolored. While every planar graph is 2-extendable, it is not the case that every planar graph is 3-extendable.
{i, j}-extendability, {2, 2, 2}-extendable, 3-cycle.

[1]. Dimitris Achlioptas and Cristopher Moore. Almost all graphs with average degree 4 are 3-colorable. J. Comput. System Sci., 67(2):441{471, 2003. Special issue on STOC2002 (Montreal, QC).
[2]. Michael O. Albertson. You can't paint yourself into a corner. J. Combin. Theory Ser. B, 73(2):189{194, 1998.
[3]. Michael O. Albertson, Alexandr V. Kostochka, and Douglas B. West. Precoloring extensions of Brooks' theorem. SIAM J. Discrete Math., 18(3):542{553, 2004/05.
[4]. Noga Alon. Restricted colorings of graphs. In Surveys in combinatorics, 1993 (Keele), volume 187 of London Math. Soc. Lecture Note Ser., pages 1{33. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1993.
[5]. Noga Alon. Degrees and choice numbers. Random Structures Algorithms, 16(4):364{368, 2000.

Citation
Dharmaiah Gurram, N.Vedavathi "{2, 2}-Extendability of Planar Graphs" published at International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, Volume 6, Issue 6 (March 2013)
MID 0606.067X.0070. India
Page 61-66
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