Biologists endeavor to reveal the secrets of life by looking into gene sequences. Concordantly, determining the promoter region in the DNA is an important step in the process of detecting genes. However the gene sequence data grow too huge recently. Conventional methods remain incapable to predict promoter so it becomes increasingly important to automate the identification of functional elements, such as coding region, genomic region or promoters. Thus many computer scientists are interested in the biological technology, and improve some data mining methods which take advantages of computer power to see into gene sequences. In this study, we employ ke-REM (ke-Rule Extraction Method) classifier to predict promoters of DNA sequences, and evaluate their performances. The obtained results show that the classifier competes the existing techniques for identifying promoter regions.

[1]. D. Mount, Bioinformatics: Sequence and Genome Analysis, New York: Cold Spring Lab Press, 2013.
[2]. K. Davies, The Sequence, US: Weidenfeld & Nicholson, 2001.
[3]. P. Jayaram and K. Bhushan, Bioinformatics For Better Tomorrow, New Delhi: Indian Institute of Technology, 2000.
[4]. B. Óscar and B. Santiago, "Cnn-promoter, new consensus promoter prediction program," Revista EIA, no. 15, pp. 153-164, 2011.
[5]. C. Gabriela and M.-I. Bocicor, "Promoter Sequences Prediction Using Relational Association Rule Mining," Evolutionary Bioinformatics, vol. 8, pp. 181-196, 2012.

Gene expression is governed by the promoter which frequently appears before its associated gene in DNA sequence. In order to locate a gene in a given sequence, researchers have to find the location of a promoter. Thus, the problem of promoter identification is of major significance within biology. So this issue maintains its importance. In this study, we employ ANN (Artificial Neural Network) and ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System) classifiers to predict promoters of DNA sequences, and evaluate their performances. The obtained results show that the classifiers compete the existing techniques for identifying promoter regions.

Promoter prediction, ANN, ANFIS, data mining, bioinformatics, DNA

[1]. C. M. O'Connor and U. J. Adams, Essentials of Cell Biology, Cambridge: NPG Education, 2010.
[2]. R. Taft, K. Pang and T. Mercer, "a Non-coding RNAs: regulators of disease," Journal of Pathology, no. 220, pp. 126-139, 2010.
[3]. D. Pe'er, From Gene Expression To Molecular Pathways, Hebrew : Hebrew University, 2003.

[4]. C. Gabriela and M.-I. Bocicor, "Promoter Sequences Prediction Using Relational Association Rule Mining," Evolutionary Bioinformatics, vol. 8, pp. 181-196, 2012.
[5]. L. T. Corporation, Introduction to Gene Expression, Life Technologies Corporation, 2010.

The mammoth growth of waste in general and electronic waste in particular is a growing threat to the health and environmental issues the world is facing today. The electronic waste ( e waste) constitutes around 2.7 to 3 % of the total waste and in majority contains hazardous and toxic elements which have many elements and constituents which when handled carelessly i.e. without proper care and protection will lead to numerous health and environmental problems which can be deadly and endangering the life of living beings. The proper advocacy and information passage to the consumers is day by day becoming utmost urgent requirement. The hazardous effects of the constituents ranges from irritation to development of deadly cancer and is endangering the existence itself. Proper regulation development means and facilities of recycling and disposal are need of hour and time. The threats are numerous and are indicator of concerns is growing requirement. The regulations so far enacted are inadequate and lack from total commitment to deal with the situation. The latest regulations are steps towards betterment but are still far from satisfactory. The global situation of passing the buck is also threat for the developing and underdeveloped countries as the disposal in informal sector is predominant in these areas. The means are minimal and the value of life is valueless and the appropriateness of health facilities is also far from satisfactory. The dependence on developed nations further adds to the problems.

E waste, Hazardous, Leaching, Toxic, Health, Immune System, Environment, EEE

[1]. E-waste management in India. Pandve HT. An emerging environmental and health issue. Indian J Occup Environ Med 2007; 11:116.
[2]. Toxics Link. E-Waste in Chennai Time is running out. 2004 Available from: w.toxicslink.org [2011] public health in India. Indian J Community Med. 2010; 35:382- 5
[3]. India together: UN report spotlights India's e-waste pile up -31 March 2010. Available from:
[4]. http://www.indiatogether.org/2010/mar/env-unewaste.htm
[5]. WEEE Recyle India .Available from www. weeerecycle.in/city_background_e_waste_ bangalore. htm MAIT incubates Electronics 5. 5

In Christian theology "Mother Mary" is considered as an ordinary person and not considered as a Divine element. Of course in catholic Institution Mary is respected to some extent but in Protestant, Apostolic churches Bishops and other Pastors are saluted and given more weightage than the "Beloved mother". In this scientific research article it is focused that Mother Mary shall not be neglected in the "Divine plan" of God and shall be considered as "Three – in – one" element in the "Sacramental Journey" and "Redemption Act" of GOD. It is emphasized that "JESUS" and "MARY" Shall be considered as Two Holy elements of the "YOKE" connected to the "HEART" of the "FATHER". This research focused that in Divine plan of God the word "CHRIST" shall be considered as the "FAMILY NAME". "JESUS CHRIST" shall mean JESUS pertains to "CHRIST FAMILY". Further it is emphasized that Christ shall be considered as the 3rd generation family in the total plan of God. Adam, Noah shall be considered as the 1st and 2nd Generation population. In 3rd generation populations Christ shall be considered as the 1st family composed of Three-in-one Divine element.
(1) VIRGIN "FATHER"
(2) VIRGIN "MOTHER"
(3) VIRGIN "SON"
"SON" shall be considered as the "Divine Seed" of Father which is "incarnated" in the womb of Mother and become human...

1) Philosophy of Word "JESUS"
2) Philosophy of Word "LORD"
3) Philosophy of Word "FATHER"
4) Philosophy of Word "HOLY SPIRIT"
5) Philosophy of Word "CHRIST"
6) Philosophy of Word "PASS OVER"
7) Philosophy of Word "EUCHARIST"
8) Philosophy of Word "VEIL"
9) Philosophy of Word "AVE"
10) Philosophy of Word "MARY"
11) Philosophy of Word "TABERNACCE"
12) Philosophy of Word "VIRGIN SEED"
13) Philosophy of Word "VIRGIN FAMILY"
14) Philosophy of Word "NEW COVENANT"
15) Philosophy of Word "SON OF MAN"
16) Philosophy of Word "SON OF GOD
17) Philosophy of Word "TEMPLE"

[1]. The Holy Bible King - James Version International Bible Society, Canada
[2]. The Dictionary of Boble - Jhon L. Mckenzie, SJ
[3]. The Marian Diamension in post conciliar Theology with a - Fr. Rev. R.K. Samy Marian particular focus in some Christologies Institute Veilankanni and Ecclesiologies
[4]. Mary in our search for fullness of Life -Fr. Rev. R.K. Samy
[5]. The Church in India in Search of a New Identity- Kurien Kunnupuram SJ, NBCLC, Bangalore.

In this work, we present a systematical of statisticals study of the helix-coil transition of agarose. The statistical study of the agarose gel consists in calculating "the equilibrium constant" which is the ratio of the probability of finding the two conformations and also determining the various rate of the state through the coil-helix transition that is found in the agarose gel for a transition temperature Tt=78.8°C and concentration Cp=15%. According to the experimental study which was made on pure agarose, the variation of the content of helix and the equilibrium constant is given from the law of van't Hoff. For agarose in the independent-residue model, a change in s from 0.978 to 1.021 leads to a change in fh from 0.494 to 0.505. For a 300 residue agarose in the two-state model, the same change in s leads to a change in fh from 0.999 to 0.0291. Finally, the effect of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) on the helical fraction depending on the temperature is studied, and we discuss the effects of the solvent composition on the helix-coil transition of an agarose chain.

Helix–coil transition; statistical mechanics; agarose gel;Solvent effect; Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)

[1]. M. Dahmani. Study of the thermoreversible gelation of polysaccharide gels: Case of Chemically Modified agarose. Thesis; N°:214/02; 2002.
[2]. S. Kondaveeti, K. Prasada, A.K. Siddhanta. Func- tional modification of agarose: A facile synthesis of a fluorescent agarose-tryptophan based hydrogel. Carbohydrate Polymers, Volume 97, Issue 1, 14 August 2013, Pages 165–171.
[3]. E. Fernández, C. Mijangos, J. M. Guenet, M. T. Cuberes, D. López . New hydrogels based on the interpenetration of physical gels of agarose and chemical gels of polyacrylamide. European Polymer Journal 45 (2009) 932–939.
[4]. Bloomfield, Victor A. Statistical therm- odynamics of helix-coil transitions in biopolymers. American Jour- nal of Physics; Volume 67; Issue 12; pp. 1212-1215 (1999).
[5]. V. F. Morozov, E. S. Mamasakhlisov, A. V. Grigoryan, A. V. Badasyan, S. Hayryan, C. K. Hu. Helix–coil tran- sition in closed circular DNA. Physica A 348 (2005) 327–338; 5 November 2004.

This paper is presented to review the human speech production mechanism with an intention to portray different aspects involved in it, right from generation of thought in the mind to the production of sound wave from mouth. Speech production in human beings is a very common phenomenon which is experienced in their day to day life and is also part of speech communication between them. Although, speech production looks very simple from outside but its inside mechanism is very complex. Human being can generate many varieties of sounds whose frequency spectrum as well as the loudness changes very rapidly. This is possible due to the very sharp and precise articulatory movement control of the organs of speech production mechanism. The articulatory movement control is termed as Motor Control and is done by human brain through sensory nerve system connecting brain to the speech production organs such as lungs, vocal chords, tongue, jaw, lips, teeth, larynx etc. It is interesting to learn qualitative and quantitative aspects of the speech production organs for accurate speech analysis and synthesis through modeling. Through this review paper we will be describing in brief the complete speech production mechanism, the details of which are available in the referenced articles.

Articulatory Movement, Motor Control, Speech Generation, Speech Production Mechanism,Vocal Tract.

[1]. Masaki Honda, "Human Speech Production Mechanism", selected papers, NTT technical review, vol.1, No. 2, May 2003.
[2]. Edmund Blair Bolles, "Speech Circuitry", a blog on origins of speech posted at http://www.babelsdawn.com, Jul 2009.
[3]. Hockett, C. F., "The origin of speech" Scientific American, vol. 203, pp. 88-96, 1960.
[4]. Michael, C. Corballis, From Hand to Mouth: The Origins of Language (Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2002).
[5]. Lieberman, P, The Biology and Evolution of Language (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1984).

A Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a network topology of choice where autonomous nodes form a collaborative community. Position based routing protocols have been studied extensively over the past years, But how to efficiently provide the location information for nodes and how to control location update frequency is still a challenge. In this paper, we address the problem of maintaining location service and propose an energy aware grid location service which efficiently provide location information and conserve energy extending the lifetime of a MANET. The protocol uses hierarchical grid location service to minimize inevitable superfluous flooding by every node, and prevents location updates and queries from traversing the entire network unnecessarily, hence conserving bandwidth and transmission power.

Location Server(LS), Location management, Grid, Associativity, Query Success Rate(QSR)

[1]. B. N. Karp and H. T. Kung, ― GPSR: Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing for Wireless Networks‖. In Proceedings of the sixth annual ACM/IEEE International Conference on Mobile computing and networking (MobiCom '00), pages 243–254, Boston, Massachusetts, August 2000.
[2]. S. Basagni, I. Chlamtac, V. R. Syrotiuk, and B. A.Woodward. ―A Distance Routing Effect Algorithm for Mobility (DREAM)‖. In Proceedings of the fourth annual ACM/IEEE International Conference on Mobile computing and networking (MobiCom '98), pages 76–84, Dallas, Texas, October 1998.
[3]. S. Giordano and M. Hamdi. ―Mobility Management: The Virtual Home Region‖. Technical Report SSC/1999/037, EPFL-ICA, October 1999.
[4]. T. Camp, J. Boleng, and L. ―Wilcox.Location information services in mobile ad hoc networks‖. In IEEE Int. Conf. Communications, pages 3318-3324,2002.
[5]. Z. Haas and B. Liang. Ad hoc mobility management with uniform quorum systems. IEEE/ACM on Networking, 7(2):228{240, April 1999.

Zeolite Heulandite belongs to Group VII were collected near Ellora Ajanta belt. Characterization was made using XRD,IR at NCL Pune. Dielectric study was made using LCR Bridge.

Heulandite, Characterization, Dielectric study

[1]. Joshi , M. Joshi V. , Choudhari A., Kasture M., 1997 structural studies of natural Heulandite using infrared spectroscopy , materials chemistry and physics 48 , 160 – 168.
[2]. Armbrusters,th (1993) Gunter , M 1991, Stepwise dehydration of a Heulandite & Clinoptilolite from succor creck Oregon. USA a single crystal X – ray study at 100 K. American Minerologist 76, 1872 – 1883.
[3]. Dell Agil, G. Frone, C. Massolo , G Pansini, M (1999), Dilatometry of Na –K –Ca and NH4 – Clinoptilolite. Thermo chemica Acta 336, 105 – 110.
[4]. Arcoya, A, Gonzalez , J , Liabre , G, Seoane , x , Traviesco , N , 1996. Role of the counteraction on the molecular sieve properties of a Clinoptilolite. Microporous. Materials 7, 1-13.
[5]. Bish, D, 1988. Effects of composition on the dehydration behavior of Clinoptilolite and Heulandite In; Kallo, D, Sherry, H. (Eds) Occurrence, Properties and Utilization of Natural zeolites. Acade Kiado , Budapest , PP. 565 – 576.