Design pattern selection is a difficult task. Evaluating the text based problem statement and finding the pattern is a challenging task. Improper text evaluation leads to incorrect pattern selection. The current paper describes a text support model (XML) for design pattern organization called Unified Pattern Document Repository (UPDR), related work of pattern repositories, pattern indexing process, and pattern retrieval.

[1]. Albit-Amiot, H.P.Cointe, Y.G. Guehenuue, and N.Jussien, 2001, November. Instantiating and detecting design patterns: Putting bits and pieces ogether. In 6 th annual International Conference on Automated software Engineering (ASE), 166-173.
[2]. A. Sengupta, S. Mohan, R. Doshi. XER - Extensible Entity Relationship Modelling. In Proceedings of the XML 2003 Conference, p. 140-154. Philadelphia, USA, December 2003.
[3]. Bernadette Farias Lóscio, Ana Carolina Salgado, Luciano do Rêgo Galvão. "Conceptual Modelling of XML Schemas", Proceedings of the fifth ACM international Work shop on Web information and data management (WIDM03), 102-105, ACM Press, 2003
[4]. David C. Kung, Hitesh Bhambhani, Riken Shah and Gaurav Pancholi, an Expert System for Suggesting Design Patterns— A Methodology and a Prototype, 2005.
[5]. Dirk Reihle and Heinz Zullighoven, "Understanding and using patterns in Software Development", Theory and practices of Object systems, 2, 1996.....

Polycrystalline ceramics of bismuth layered structure of (Bi2O3)(BaxFe1-xO3) (0.2  x  0.8, x is in step of 0.2) have been prepared by conventional solid-state reaction method to study its modified dielectric and electrical properties. X-ray diffraction technique is used on the powdered samples for physical characterization and an average grain size of 16 – 21 nm was obtained. The XRD analysis reveals the single phase structure of the sample. Dielectric properties, viz, dielectric constant (ε´), dielectric loss (tan δ) and ac electrical conductivity of the ceramic sintered at various temperatures have been studied in the frequency range 10-1-107 Hz. The frequency and temperature dependent conductivity investigations have been carried out by using impedance spectroscopy. It was observed that the sample exhibit bulk conduction which increase with increase in temperature and with the increase in barium (Ba) concentration. The conductivity mechanism at room temperature shows a frequency dependence, which can be ascribed due to the presence of oxygen vacancies. Combined impedance and modulus plots were used to analyze the sample behavior as a function of frequency and temperature. The effect of temperature on the scaling of dielectric modulus indicates that the conductivity relaxation mechanism is temperature independent. The overlapping of the normalized peaks corresponding to impedance and electrical modulus suggests the single mechanism for the dynamic processes occurring in the present ceramics. The dielectric and conductivity properties of this ferroelectric ceramic make it a promising material for fatigue resistance in device applications.

[1]. Aurivillius B 1949a Ark. Kemi 1 463.
[2]. Aurivillius B 1949b Ark. Kemi 1 499.
[3]. C. A. P. de Arauzo, J. F. Scott, Science 246 (1989) 1400.
[4]. D. L. Sidebottom, B. Rolling, K. Funke, Phys. Rev. B 63 (2000) 024301.
[5]. A. K. Singh, T. C. Goel, R. G. Mendiratta, O. P. Thakur, C. Prakash, J. Appl. Phys. 91 (2002) 6626.
[6]. N. Sivakumar, A. Narayanasamy, N. Ponpandian, G. Govindaraj, J. Appl. Phys. 101 (2007) 084116.....

India is made up of villages, Primary health care (PHC) are the backbone of these villages in health sector. PHC is not new to India. Due to lack of inadequate resources, inadequate staff and many problems PHCs of India in general and PHCs of Karnataka are in particular are suffering. An attempt is made to assess critical factors affecting the quality treatment. The main objective of this paper is to present a frame work for north karnataka rural area PHC by assessing various factors, considering critical factors using existing model and the literature of health care services for quality treatment and improvement of PHC. This would enable PHC medical officer understand how patient evaluate the quality treatment provided and aid them to allocate necessary resources, facilities, staff etc to various aspects of healthcare, considered to be important by the patients. List of general and critical factors are identified, patients give feedback on these critical factors in turn medical officers and other staff also gives the feed back on these critical factors, finally integrating and comparing critical factors the quality treatment is assessed. The current work could be extended to determine the link between various aspects of PHC and patient satisfaction.

[1]. Judith E. Arnetz And Bengt B. Arnetz, ―The Development and Application of a Patient Satisfaction Measurement System for Hospital-wide Quality Improvement‖, International Journal for Quality in Health Care, Volume 8, Number 6, pp. 555-566, 1996.
[2]. Slim Haddad, Pierre Fournier And Louise Potvin, ―Measuring lay people's perceptions of the quality of primary health care services in developing countries. Validation of a 20-item scale‖, International journal for Quality in Health Care, Volume 10, Number 2: pp. 93-10, 1998.
[3]. S. Saxena, K. Chandiramani And R. Bhargava, ―WHOQOL-Hindi: A questionnaire for assessing quality of life in health care settings in India‖, The National Medical Journal Of India, Vol. 11, No.4, pp. 160-165, 1998.
[4]. R D Sharma and Hardeep Chahal, ―A Study of Patient Satisfaction in Outdoor Services of Private Health Care Facilities‖, Vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 69-76, Vikalpa, 1999.
[5]. SYED SAAD ANDALEEB, ―Public and private hospitals in Bangladesh: service quality and predictors of hospital choice‖, HEALTH POLICY AND PLANNING; 15(1): 95–102 © Oxford University Press, 2000...

A project manager is the person who has the overall responsibility for the successful initiation, planning, design, execution, monitoring, controlling and closure of a project. And to complete the project on schedule, with in the budgeted costs and specified quality towards making the project a success. However, many reports have shown the opposite results. Studies on this issue are pointing towards the poor understanding of good practice as a basic problem for the failures in project management. The objective of this paper is to identify the competency skills that a project manager should have to influence a successful project performance. The data was collected as well as obtained from and through project reports, questionnaires and interviews with the project managers and project teams of the relevant projects. The variables were then separated into two classifications that could be defined as either success or failure. The good project management practices result in a higher project performance.

[1]. J. Thomas and T. Mengel. Preparing Project Managers to Deal With Complexity-Advanced Project Management Education. International Journal of Project Management . 26: 304-315 (2008).

[2]. F. T. Edum-Fotwe and R. McCaffer Developing Project Management Competency: Perspectives from the Construction Industry.International Journal of Project Management . 18: 111-124 (2000).

[3]. A. K. Munns and B. F. Bjeirmi. The Role of Project Management in Achieving Project Success. International Journal of Project Management . 14 (2): 81-7 (1996).

[4]. D. D. Gransberg. Managing Project Construction; Roles and Responsibilities of the PM. Cost Engineering . pp.11 (2002).

[5]. J. R. Turner and R. Muller. Choosing Appropriate Project Managers: Matching Their LeadershipStyle to the Type of Project. Project Management Institute. Newton Square, PA, USA, 2006....

The tool shoulder of friction stir welding is considered to be one of the prime element which controls the material flow and heat input, generating required temperature and hydrostatic pressure along the weld line in producing a defect-free weld. The interaction of tool shoulder with base material in the formation of friction stir weld is studied by analyzing the banded texture of weld bead surface using image processing techniques, since the textures form an important clue for the recognition of surface. Experiments are carried out by capturing the images of weld bead surface of friction stir welded specimens produced using different process parameters. The images are digitally processed and analyzed by defining suitable region of interest along good and defect weld region based on X-Ray radiography results of friction stir welded specimens to determine first order and second order statistical textural parameters of weld bead surface using MATLAB. The variation in the textural parameters along good and defect weld regions are observed which enables to assess the quality of friction stir weld using image processing.

[1]. Thomas W.M., International Patent Application No PCT/GB92/02203, 10 June, Gothenburg, Friction Stir Welding at TWI, 1993
[2]. K. Kumar and Satish V.Kailas, "The role of friction stir welding tool on material flow and weld formation", Materials Science and Engineering A, 485(2008), 367-374.
[3]. K.Kumar and Satish.V.Kailas," On the role of axial load and the effect of interface position on the tensile strength of a friction stir welded aluminium alloy", Materials and Design 29 (2008) 791-797.
[4]. S.Muthukumaran and S.K.Mukherjee, "Multi-layered metal flow and formation of onion rings in friction stir welds", International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology(2008), 36:68-73.
[5]. Shaowen XU and Xiaomin Deng, "A study of texture patterns in friction stir welds", Acta Materialia 56 (2008) 1326-1341.....

This paper demonstrates a Deteriorating Simple Repairable System with three states. They include two failure states and one working state. Assuming that the up times and down times are exposing to Arithmetico Geometric Process an attempt is made to obtain replacement policy N under which we replace the system when the number failures of the system reaches N. An explicit expression of the average cost rate is derived and corresponding optimal policy N* is obtained. Finally it provides numerical results.

[1]. Barlow, R.E., and Hunter, L.C., "Optimal preventive maintenance policy", operations research, Vol. 8, pp 90-100., 1960.
[2]. Barlow, R.E., and Proschan, F., "Mathematical Theory of Reliability, "Wiley, New York, 1965 .
[3]. Borwn, M., and Proschan, F., "Imperfect Repair", Journal of Applied Probability, Vol.20, 1983, PP 851-859.
[4]. Lam Yeh., "Geometric Processes and Replacement Problems", Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, Vol.4, 1988 a, pp 366-377.
[5]. Lesanovsky.A., "Systems with two dual failure modes-a survey", Micro electron reliability, Vol.33, 1993, pp 1597-1626.....

Reusing of textile wastewater is generally based on some sorts of wastewater treatment process before reusing. Current paper discusses the direct reusing of textile wastewater without any treatment which not only can reduce the freshwater consumption rate but also reduce the effluent load. Six different types of rinsing wastewaters were studied. Wastewaters were segregated by collecting them separately from the drain line of dyeing machine. Then collected wastewaters were used for the scouring bleaching of knitted cotton fabric. Few specific types of rinsing water have showed bright prospect of reusing. Among them, one type of ‗before dyeing rinsing' water has found to be quite acceptable and safe to reuse for the scouring-bleaching of cotton goods. Bleached samples were then dyed to investigate the dyeing performance. Weight loss of scoured-bleached sample has found 6.65% for wastewater and 6.53 % for fresh water. Reflectance of whiteness of bleached wastewater and fresh water samples have found 76.68% and 77.92 % respectively whereas the shade variation between them was only 0.62 (ΔE value) which is quite acceptable. Absorbency of bleached samples have also found excellent. After dyeing, the variation of shade between fresh water and wastewater treated samples have found 0.65 (ΔE value) which is also well below the maximum acceptable limit. Beside this, Fastness rating of wastewater treated samples were 4/5, 4 and 4/5 for rubbing, washing and perspiration fastness respectably.

[1]. Mlachila, M. and Y. Yang. "The End of Textiles Quotas: A case study of the impact on Bangladesh". 2004 [cited 2012 19 Jan 2012]; Available from: https://www.gtap.agecon.purdue.edu/resources/download/1947.pdf.
[2]. BBS, REPORT ON MONITORING OF EMPLOYMENT SURVEY-2009. 2009, Bangladesh Baureau of Statistics.
[3]. Bhattacharya, D., M. Rahman, and A. Raihan (2002) "Contribution of the RMG Sector to the Bangladesh Economy". The Centre for Policy Dialogue Occasional Paper Series, paper-50.
[4]. Report, S.B., McKinsey paints buoyant future for RMG exports, in The daily Star. 2011, The Daily Star. p. Front Page.
[5]. Gereffi, G., O. Cattaneo, and C. Staritz, Global value chains in a postcrisis world: a development perspective. 2010, The International Bank of Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank: Washington, D.C.....

A simple technique is presented to realize a digitally programmable voltage mode quadrature oscillator using second generation current conveyors. Firstly, the current conveyors based tunable quadrature oscillator is realised. A digital block is introduced in the realized tunable quadrature oscillator so that the oscillator can be controlled digitally. The realized Digitally Programmable Quadrature oscillators enjoys attractive features such as use of low components count, independent digital control to frequency of oscillation and low sensitivity figures. The realized digitally programmable quadrature oscillator circuits are designed and verified with attractive results.

[1]. A. S. Sedra and K.C Smith, "A second generation current conveyor and its applications," IEE Trasactions on circuit theory, 1970, CT-17, pp. 132-134.
[2]. B. Wilson, "Recent development in current conveyors and current mode circuits," IEE Proc. G,132, (2), 1990, pp. 63-67.
[3]. I. A. Khan, M. R. Khan and N. Afzal, "Digitally programmable multifunctional filter using CCIIs," J. of Active and Passive Devices." 2005, USA.
[4]. M. T. Ahmed, I. A. Khan and N. Minhaj, "On transconductance – C quadrature oscillator," International Journal of Electronics, Vol. 83, pp. 201-207.
[5]. Y. Sun, and J. F. Fidler, "Versatile active biquad based on second generation current conveyors," International Journal of Electronics, 1994, vol. 76, pp. 91-98...

This paper proposes a sophisticated application of Super Capacitor Energy Storage (SCES) unit for the improvement of the Load-Frequency Control in a two-area interconnected power system considering Governor Dead Band (GDB) and Generation Rate Constraints (GRC) nonlinearities. In this paper, the proposed fuzzy controller, called as two layered fuzzy controller, consists of two layers. The first layer is called compensator, which is used to generate and update the reference value of Area Control Error (ACE). The second layer called feedback fuzzy logic controller, makes ACE decay to zero at steady state. The proposed two layered fuzzy controller, with the updated reference value of Area Control Error using pre-compensator ensures the ACE to zero with the inclusion of Proportional plus Integral (PI) controllers. The Integral Square Error (ISE) criterion is adopted in optimizing the PI controller gains. In addition to levelling load, the SCES is advantageous for secondary control in the power system and maintains the power quality. When an AC power system is subjected to load disturbances, considerable frequency oscillations may result to system instability. So as to ensure the system stability, the power modulation control offered by SCES is enhanced to suppress the peak value of the transient frequency deviation. Simulation results show that the proposed two layered fuzzy logic controller is not only effective in damping out the frequency oscillations, but also capable of alleviating the transient frequency swing caused by large load disturbance. Moreover, the output results obtained proves that the proposed two layered fuzzy load frequency controller provides very good transient and steady state response compared to the fuzzy controller and conventional PI controllers.

[1] Shayeghi.H, Shayanfar.H.A, Jalili.A, "Load-frequency control strategies: A state of the art survey for the researcher" Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 50(2), pp.344-353, 2009.C.C. Lee, "Fuzzy Logic in control systems Fuzzy logic controller, Part-1", IEEE Transactions on System, Man and Cybernetics, Vol. 20(2), pp.419-435, 1990.
[2] C.S. Indulkar and Baldevraj, "Application of fuzzy Controller to automatic generation Control", Electric Machines and Power Systems, Vol. 23, pp.209-220, 1995.
[3] Zadeh. L.A., "Fuzzy Algorithm–Information and Control", Vol. 12, pp.94 – 102, 1969
[4] M.K.EL-Sherbiny, G.EL-Saady, Ali M. Yousef, "Efficient fuzzy logic load frequency controller", Energy Conversion and Management Vol.43, pp.1853-1863, 2002.
[5] H.D.Mathur, H.V.Manjunath, "Study of dynamic performance of thermal units with asynchronous tie-lines using fuzzy based controller", Journal of Electrical Systems, Vol. 3, pp.124- 130, 2007....

A thin film of Lead Phthalocyanine (PbPc) and Copper Phthalocyanine (CuPc) on glass substrates were prepared by Vacuum deposition method for a study of photoconduction properties. The thicknesses of the films were 150 nm, 300 nm and 450 nm on glass substrate. The higher thickness 450 nm films were annealed in air at 323 K and 373 K. The Current-Voltage characteristics were measured under dark and illumination conditions at the temperature of 30˚C using a double beam spectrometer. For illuminating, light of 100 W halogen lamps was used and focused on the sample. The light intensity varied from 0 to 1 mW/cm2 and applied voltage from -30 V to 30 V. The conductivity of PbPc and CuPc on the glass substrates was studied. The electrical property of PbPc and CuPc were caused by the orientation of the molecular planes in the films, which was due to their one dimensional conductivity nature of Pb ions.

[1]. C. D. Dimitrakopoulos and P. R. L. Malenfant, Adv. Mater. (Weinheim, Ger.) 14, 99(2002).
[2]. G. Horowitz, Adv. Mater. (Weinheim, Ger.) 10, 365 (1998).
[3]. R. D. Yang, J. Park, C. N. Colesniuc, I. K. Schuller, W. C. Trogler, and A.C. Kummel, "Ultralow drift in organic thin-film transistor chemical sensors by pulsed gating" J. Appl. Phys. 102, 034515, (2007).
[4]. F. Liao, C. Chen, and V. Subramanian, "Organic TFTs as gas sensors for electronic nose applications", Sensors and Actuators B-Chemical. Vol. 107, pp. 849-855, (2005).
[5]. J. B. Chang, V. Liu, V. Subramanian, K. Sivula, C. Luscombe, A. Murphy, J. Liu, and J. M. J. Frechet. "Printable polythiophene gas sensor array for low-cost electronic noses" Journal of Applied Physics, 100(1):014506, (2006).
[6]. R. Ben Chaabane, A. Ltaief, L. Kaabi, H. Ben Ouada, N. Jaffrezic-"Renault, and J. Davenas, Influence of ambient atmosphere on the electrical properties of organic thin film transistors" Mater. Sci. Eng., C 26, 514, (2006).....

Power consumption is the most critical design issue in a portable appliance. For a battery-operated mobile device to support high-complexity multimedia functions, low- power and power-aware techniques are the key to a successful design. This article reviews typical techniques for a low-power video IC design, and introduces emerging power-aware concepts toward a more power-efficient video codec. obile multimedia devices such as smart phones are energy-constrained, so reducing their power is critical for extending video playback times. The goal of this thesis is to explore different power saving techniques for video decoders and demonstrate them on a hardware application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) architecture.

[1]. T. Sikora,"Trends and perspectives in image and video coding," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 93, no. 1, pp. 6(17, Jan. 2005.
[2]. J. Ostermann, J. Bormans, P. List, D. Marpe, M. Narroschke, F. Pereira, T. Stockhammer, and T. Wedi, "Video coding with H.264/AVC: tools, performance, and complexity," IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine, pp.7 (28, 1st quarter 2004.
[3]. The MPEG Homepage, ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) [online] http://www.chiariglione. org/mpeg/
[4]. P. Pirsch, N. Demassieux, and W. Gehrke, "VLSI architectures for video compression-a survey," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 83, No. 2, pp. 220(246, Feb. 1995.
[5]. P.-C. Tseng, Y. -C. Chang, Y.-W. Huang, H.-C. Fang, C.-T. Huang, and L.-G. Chen, "Advances in hardware architectures for image and video coding-a survey," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 93, No. 1, pp. 184(197, Jan. 2005....