Computer programming languages allow us to give instructions to a computer in a language the computer understands. Just as many human-based languages exist, there is an array of computer programming languages that programmers can use to communicate with a computer. Programming is a basic need to teach to computer science students. Besides these advantages, programming language serves as a fundamental tool for analyzing, studying and understanding advanced concepts of computer science that the students are taught in later semesters of their undergraduate studies. Therefore, the selection of a programming language for teaching to computer science students is extremely important.........

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[2]. MILNE, I. and G. ROWE.( 2002) Difficulties in Learning and Teaching Programming— Views of Students and Tutors. Education and Information Technologies, vol. 7(1), China, p. 55-60.
[3]. Davies, S., J.A. PolackWahl, and K. Anewalt . (2011) A Snapshot of Current Practices in Teaching the Introductory Programming Sequence.beligin, pp.23.
[4]. Schulte, C. and J. Bennedsen. (2009), What do teachers teach in introductory programming?, IEEE conference proceeing,pp.58-65.

[5]. Mason, R., G. Cooper, and M.D. Raadt.(2012) Trends in Introductory Programming Courses in Australian Universities – Languages, Environments and Pedagogy. in Proceedings of the Fourteenth Australasian Computing Education Conference (ACE2012), Melbourne, Australia.pp.89.

A double lane access tunnel of about 1.5 km length is proposed for access to an upcoming major hydro-electric project in Ramban & Udhampur districts of Jammu & Kashmir. The tunnel is accessible through inlet only (East portal) and is located at left bank of the Mandiyal Nalla.Severe water ingress was encountered during heading excavation at RD 855.00m. The quantum of ingress of water was so huge that the tunnel rapidly got flooded up to RD 221.00. The project area lies in Sirban Limestone represented mainly by dolomitic limestone with bands of dark grey to black slates.In spite of large dewatering, the ingress of water could not be controlled to the desired extent, thereby acutely signifying the gravity of water. After grouting with cement, it was found that the grouting works are ineffective in arresting the heavy ingress of water inside the tunnel.Further, trial of PU grouting was done with the deployment of expert executing agency. This trial succeeded by 85% stoppage of water ingress..

[1]. Geological Mapping report of the Project
[2]. Various site visit reports during the project execution (project is still under execution)
[3]. DPR of the upcoming hydro-electric project, connected to the tunnel project.
[4]. Conventional Tunnelling Challenges In The Himalayas: A Case Study Published in CE&CR by Mr. Rakesh Khali and Mr. Sharanappa Yalal

Temperature and speed of agitation in a batch reactor are parameters that play an important role in the yield of biodiesel. There is a need of maintaining these parameters in the reactor to aid the esterification process. The aim of the study is to design and construct microcontroller and monitoring device for maintaining constant temperature and agitation speed to a12-litter capacity biodiesel batch reactor. Microcontroller PIC18F4520, LM35 temperature sensor, pumps, and valves were used for temperature control. Brushless direct current (BLDC) motor driver (MC33033), and optical encoder mounted on the shaft were used to measure and control the speed of the motor.........

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