The city is a cultural phenomenon in its own right and tells its past, transfers together its memory. Historic buildings are the physical manifestation of memory that makes places significant. The city contains visions of previous generations side by side with an urban and cultural life in a state of constant change and urban development must be combined with the protection of cultural heritage. Preserving cultural and natural heritage , to bring it within reach of all, making cultures and civilizations better known, improving daily living conditions and reducing poverty is what gives meaning to the sustainability of tourism development . Tourism must remain a tool and in no wise a goal in itself, it must be developed with a view to sustainability...........

[1]. Abdelhalim, Abdelhalim,I. 1996. Culture, Environment, and Sustainability:Theoretical Notes and Reflection on a Community Park Project in Cairo. In Sustainable Landscape Design in Arid Climates. William Reilly (ed). Geneva: Aga Khan Trust for Culture.
[2]. Blackburn, J. and HOLLAND, J., 1998. Who changes, Institutionalizing Participation in Development, London: Intermediate Technology Publications.
[3]. BLAKE G.H. & LAWLESS R.I., (1980.) The Changing Middle Eastern City, System, Cambridge University Press.
[4]. Boudiaf Bouzid (2001): " Entretien, Réhabilitation, Recyclage et Construction neuve‟, in ConférenceInternationale sur la Conservation, la Sauvegarde et la Restructuration du PatrimoineBâti, UniversitéAboubakrBelkaid , Tlemcen, May 2001.

The revolution is in a beginning stage of traditional large central power stations. Transmission and distribution grids are now used by independent power producers to supply power. With the increase in use of distributed energy system in industry and its technical improvement, it is becoming more important to understand the integration of these systems with grids. Ancillary services provided by the distributed energy resource (DER) along with facility of cogeneration compensates the installation cost and make it affordable. Voltage regulation problem and its mitigation by using power electronics interface is discussed in this paper. Voltage regulation is studied with the change in loading level and controller gains in developed MATLAB Simulink model.

Distributed energy resources (DER), distributed generation (DG), ancillary services, hybrid system, voltage regulation.

Cancer is the critical health problem worldwide. Lung cancer is the main cause of cancer death for both men and women. A pulmonary nodule is the common sign of lung cancer. The proposed system efficiently predicts lung tumor (nodule) from Computed Tomography (CT) images through image processing techniques. To enhance a patient's chance for survival of lung cancer early detection is very important. In image processing procedures, process such as extraction of lung region from chest computer tomography images, segmentation of lung region, feature extraction from the segmented region. For image denoisingtotal variation based denoising is used, and then segmentation is done using thresholding and morphological operation. Gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) is used for extracting texture features from lung nodule. The proposed system has yielded promising results that would supplement in the diagnosis of lung cancer.

Total variation, Optical thresholding, Morphology, GLCM(Graylevel co-occurrence matrix).

WSN demands low power and high speed data rate over network topology, Multi Band OFDM Physical Layer restricts the data rate and also consumes more power. The research work focuses on design and development of low power high speed PHY layer for WSN based on MB-OFDM standards. The paper primarily involves design and implementation of MB- OFDM UWB physical layer for high data rate based on Wavelets for WSN on hardware platform. The modified lifting wavelet transform are used for designing wavelets and performing the transform, it is able to increase the spectral efficiency and also decrease the bit error rate compare to FFT/IFFT based OFDM..........

WSN, MB-OFDM, Viterbi decoder, Convolution encoder, DWT/IDWT

The latest cochlear Implant Naida CI Q70 with advanced wireless feature has got its speech processor and transmitter in the form of reliable wire communication architecture. This architecture creates problem for deaf in terms of maintenance and cost for its complex structure. The External components such as Transmitter, Sound processor and its internal components and microphones are apart in structure both internally and externally. The communication among the external devices requires a physical wire, and this structure has many disadvantages one is it needs a lot of care to maintain and on any small damage requires huge money needs to be spent on new head piece..............

Cochlear Implant, Head piece,SNR,

Friction welding (FRW), a solid state joining process, was used to weld 7075 T651 aluminium, an alloy considered essentially non-weldable by fusion processes. This weld process exposed the alloy to a short time, high-temperature spike, while introducing extensive localized deformation. Micro structural studies of the friction welded joint were analyzed in the present study. The microstructures were characterized by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)..........

Friction welding, AA7075 aluminium alloy, DRX, TMAZ, HAZ

The electrical discharge machining (EDM) is a thermal process which machines electrical conductive materials, irrespective of its hardness. The temperature of the plasma that is ignited between the tool electrode and the workpiece reaches several thousand degrees, and the plasma power is distributed to the tool electrode, the workpiece and the dielectric fluid. Finding out the power fraction to the workpiece is quite important to improve the performance of EDM, and the transient heat conduction analysis is necessary to determine the power fraction to the workpiece. For the accurate analysis, temperature dependence of thermo-physical properties of the material and the latent heat of the material ought to be included in a thermo-physical model of the analysis...........

EDM, Latent heat, Heat flux, Plasma radius, Power fraction

Construction industry is considered as one of the most important industries in India. It is well known that most construction projects exposed to time and cost overrun or both. These phenomena may affect the progress of construction industry in India as well as may expose many institutions of construction to be destroyed. Literatures of previous studies were classified into two main parts which are: (1) Factors influencing schedule overruns of project; (2) Factors influencing cost overrun. Most related studies were revised which included the study of these factors in many countries The aim of this study is to assess factors influencing time and cost overruns on construction projects in our country................

Elements, Cost Overrun, Schedule Overrun, Construction Projects.

Faced with a national vision of development, institutions of higher education in Morocco are taxed to promote the quality of their consensus governance, training and research. The following article describes a type of deployment project for a Quality Management System within an engineering department according to ISO 9001. The universal character of the employability of ISO 9001 establishes a generic quality system and adaptable to the specificities of the training sector and especially in engineering schools.

Quality Management System (QMS), continuous amelioration, quality assurance, higher education, quality standards.

The main purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of English and Cebuano as a learning tool in solving algebraic problems. Employing the descriptive-survey design, 90 students of BEEd third year students SY 2010-2011 of Naval State University were involved as respondents based on the following objectives: describe the process of employing the English and Cebuano as a learning tool in solving algebraic expressions; the scores of the respondents in the tests using the two languages (English and Cebuano); their incremental scores in the two sets of tests conducted; significant relationship of their scores in both English and Cebuano as well as the significant difference of their scores in relation to the incremental scores.............

Algebraic Problems; Common Language; Learning Tool.

The joints of the partially filled steel grid composite deck, which can be precast, may be designed as mechanical connections formed by concrete shear keys and bolts. This paper examines the results of push-out tests and of tests on the deck by eccentric loading in order to apply this mechanical joint to the partially filled steel grid composite deck. The shear resistance of the joint calculated by a design formula based upon the shear friction theory is compared to the push-out test results, and the shear performance of the joint in the deck structure as well as the design safety are examined...........

[1]. C.J. Earls, T.R. Johnston, "Behavior of Field Splice Details in Precast Concrete-Filled Steel Grid Bridge Deck", Journal of Bridge Engineering, Vol.9, pp.127-136, 2004.
[2]. C. Higgins, H. Mitchell, "Behavior of Composite Bridge Decks with Alternative Shear Connectors", Journal of Bridge Engineering, Vol.6, pp.17-22, 2001.
[3]. H. Huang, M.J. Chajes, D.R. Mertz, Shenton, H.W., Kaliakin, V.N., "Strength behavior of filled steel grid decks for bridges", Bridge Structure, Vol.3, no.2, pp.105-118, 2007.

This paper presents the experimental analysis of encased composite beam with and without shear reinforcement. The study revealed that ultimate tensile strength of composite beam is increased as compared to reinforced cement concrete beams. Reinforced concrete beams with and without shear reinforcement is compared with encased composite beam with and without shear reinforcement. The effect of change in stirrups spacing is studied experimentally. For this study, the cross sectional dimensions of the beam, percentage of tension reinforcements and grade of concrete are kept the same and spacing of stirrups is varied...........

[1]. Mrs. V. S Sohoni, "Behaviour of Concrete Encased Steel Composite Members of Framed Structure." December 2012.
[2]. CorradoChisari, Claudio Amadio – "An experimental, numerical and analytical study of hybrid RCencased steel joist beams subjected to shear", Engineering Structures – ELSEVIER, 2014.
[3]. Shun-ichi Nakamura, Naoya Narita – "Bending and shear strengths of partially encased composite Igirders", Journal of constructional steel research - ELSEVIER, 2003
[4]. Moataz Awry Mahmoud , Tamer Hassan Elafandy , Hussein Osama Okail ,Amr Ali Abdelrahman –"Interfacial shear behavior of composite flanged concrete beams", HBRC Journal, 2013
[5]. Daniel Lowe, Raj Dasa, Charles Clifton – "Characterization of the splitting behavior of steel-concrete composite beams with shear stud connection" ,Procedia Materials science ELSEVIER, 2014

At the point when driving a vehicle on a street, if a driver need to change path, he must look the back and side mirrors of his vehicle and turn his head to output the conceivable drawing nearer vehicles as an afterthought paths. Be that as it may, the perspective extension by the above conduct is restricted; there is a blind side territory undetectable. To keep away from the conceivable car crash amid path transform, we here propose a path change support framework to aid evolving path. Two cams are mounted under side mirrors of the host vehicle to catch back side-perspective pictures for distinguishing drawing closer vehicles...........

[1]. R. Sosa and G. Velazquez, "Obstacles detection and collision Avoidance system developed with virtual models," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Vehicular Electronics and Safety, Beijing, China, Dec. 13-15,
[2]. 2007, pp. 1-8.
[3]. T. Mendel, R. Ghatak, and S. R. B. Chaudhuri, "Design and analysis of a 5.88GHz microstrip phased array antenna for intelligent transport Systems," in Proc. Int. Symp. on Antennas and Propagation, Toronto,
[4]. Ontario, Canada, July 11-17, 2010, pp. 1-4.
[5]. J. Teizer, B. S. Allread, and U. Mantripragada, "Automating the blind Spot measurement of construction equipment," Automation in Construction, vol. 19, pp. 491-501, 2010.

In this world of modern technology where the representation of information has taken igital form, it is highly essential for the students to leverage this so as to keep themselves updated with theongoings of Things around them. Lately mobile market has seen a revolution and about 70% of the student population use mobile phones. The aim of our proposed system is to provide a simple mobile application for the students to useto get information about the college activities and courses.

[1]. Kyle Bowen and Matthew D. Pistilli, "Student Preferences for Mobile App Usage", Research Bulletin, Center for Applied Research, EDUCASE. .
[2]. Yousef Mehdipour and HamidehZerehkafi, "Mobile Learning for Education: Benefits and Challenges", International Journal of Computational Engineering Research, June 2103, Vol, 03, Issue, 6, p. 93 .
[3]. Shimon Sarraf, Jennifer Brooks and James S Cole, "Taking Surveys with Smartphones: A Look at
[4]. Usage Among College Students", Annual Conference for the American Association for Public Opinion Research, Anaheim, California, 2014.
[5]. Genevieve Stanton and Jacques Ophoff, "Towards a Method for Mobile Learning Design", Issues in

'Creating comfort is the driving force for the human race' 'Electricity provides energy to explore and excel further'
'Fossil fuel generates electricity' 'Use of fossil fuel depletes reserves, makes natural resource imbalance, causes global warming, creates pollution and resulting to highest discomforts to human' Human race for improving standards of living and creating comfort is never ending journey. Human comfort is directly proportional to the quantum of electrical energy generated, since the most of the human comforts were made possible by the use of electric energy...........

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This This paper describes a novel method for the hardware Design and realization of adaptive filter for the application of Adaptive Digital beam former suitable for FPGAs. The planar phased array configuration considered in this case is sixteen element array. Design approach followed is modular design and each one of the modules is reused to make the sixteen element planar array configuration. One of the most efficient Adaptive algorithms from the hardware realization aspect is Inverse QRD-RLS algorithm. This algorithm is implemented in a systolic array structure where in the optimal weights are calculated in much less time and is numerically more stable compared to other traditional adaptive algorithms like LMS, RLS etc. Also Inverse QRD-RLS algorithm is suitable for parallel and pipelined implementation thus making it very useful in the applications where speed, accuracy and numerical stability are of utmost importance; such as Phased Array Radar. High performances FPGA Kintex--7 is employed to implement the VLSI architectures.

[1]. Owais Talaat Waheed, Ayman Shabra, Ibrahim (Abe) M. Elfadel FPGA Methodology for Power Analysis of Embedded Adaptive Beamforming IEEE,2015
[2]. Bing Han, Zengli Yang, and Yahong Rosa Zheng "FPGA Implementation of QR Decomposition for MIMO-OFDM Using Four CORDIC Cores" - Signal Processing for Communications Symposium IEEE ICC 2013.
[3]. Gayathri R Prabhu,Bibin Johnson,Sheeba Rani J "FPGA based Scalable Fixed Point QRD core using Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration" 28th International Conference on VLSI Design and 14th International Conference on Embedded Systems,2015.
[4]. Anjitha D, Shanmugha Sundaram G "Fpga Implementation Of Beamforming Algorithm For Terrestrial Radar Application", International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing, April 3-5, 2014, India.

Wavelets, filter banks and multi-resolution analysis have been used independently in the fields of applied mathematics, signal processing and image processing. It is shown that the wavelets are closely related to filter banks and there is a direct analogy between multi-resolution analysis in continuous time and a filter bank in discrete time. A two-channel filter bank has a low-pass and a high-pass filter in the decomposition phase and another low-pass and a high-pass filter in the reconstruction phase.............

[1]. G. Strang and T. Nguyen, Wavelets and Filter Banks, Wellesley-cambridge Press, Wellesley, 1996.
[2]. K.P Soman and K. I. Ramachandran, Insights into Wavelets - From theory to practice, ISBN:978-81- 203-4023-4, 2010.
[3]. H. Kiya and M. Yea, A Linear phase two channel filter bank allowing perfect reconstruction, International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, IEEE, May 1992.
[4]. Jalal Karam, On the Zeros of Daubechies Orthogonal and Biorthogonal Wavelets, International Journal of Applied Mathematics, vol.3, July 2012.
[5]. A. K. Naik and R. S. Holambe, New Approach to the Design of Low Complexity 9/7 Tap Wavelet Filters With Maximum Vanishing Moments, IEEE Transactions on imageprocessing,IEEE, ISBN:1057-7149, vol.23, no.3, December 2014.

Coronary artery plays a pivotal role in our cardio system. Any type of hindrance in that part could lead to fatal cardiac arrest. Many researchers have done work for the detection of the calcification in CA but none of them have taken the fuzzy inference aspect (one of the most important) which could result for its robustness. Cardiologists now want to have an automated system which could better detect any image linked with plaque formation. With this need, the present paper is an attempt to develop a comprehensive fuzzy inference system for the detection of coronary artery blockage in non invasive imaging modalities.

[1]. Koen Nieman ,"International Task Force for Prevention of Coronary Heart Diseas- MSCT in coronary heart disease," Rotterdam Feb 2003
[2]. Leo P. Lawler; Harpreet K. Pannu; Elliot K. Fishman Am J Roentgenol,"MDCT Evaluation of the Coronary Arteries, 2004: How We Do It-Data Acquisition, Postprocessing, Display, and Interpretation ," 2005; 184 (5): 1402-1412. ©2005 American Roentgen Ray Society
[3]. H. Mahnken, Georg Mühlenbruch, Guido Dohmen, MalteKelm, Joachim E. Wildberger, Rolf W. Günther,"Review article on Current State of Non-Invasive Coronary MSCT Angiography," Andreas- Technical note.
[4]. Al Moudi M1, Sun Z*,1, Lenzo N2,"Biomedical Imaging and Intervention Journal REVIEW ARTICLE ,Diagnostic value of SPECT, PET and PET/CT in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease: A systematic review,"Received 18 June 2010; received in revised form 5 October 2010; accepted 9 October 2010

Surface modification such as surface coating is applicable to reduce the wear effects on components. Cermet, the combination of ceramics and metals is widely used in corrosive and aggressive environments where the wear risk is high. Chromium Carbide-Nickel Chrome (Cr3C2-NiCr) cermet can provide wear and corrosion resistance at high elevated temperature up to 1173 K. Having many advantages as a thermal spray, high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) is the most suitable technique for coating. HVOF can provide more enduring and more long-lasting surface coating. In this study, Cr3C2-NiCr is deposited onto mild steel and brass pins using HVOF thermal spraying. The wear rate of the coating is then measured in terms of weight loss after being scratched on 180 grit sandpaper using the linear abraser wear testing machine. The test was conducted according to its operating instructions. Based on the results, the wear rate increases with both increase of applied load and the test duration. However, the wear rate is more significant for the uncoated pins as they did not have any protective layer...........

[1]. Hsu, S.M. and Shen, M.C. (2005). "Wear Mapping of Materials". Wear (15), 367-423.
[2]. Sharma, S. (2012). "Wear Study of Ni-WC Composite Coating Modified with CeO2" Int J Adv Manuf Technol (61), 889-900.
[3]. Zavareh, M.A., Mohammed Sarhan, A.A., Abdul Razak, B. and Basirun, W.J. (2015). "The Tribological and Electrical Behaviour of HVOF-Sprayed Cr3C2-NiCrCeramic Coating on Carbon Steel".Ceramic International (41), 5387-5396.
[4]. Mohanty, M., Smith, R. W., De Bonte, M., Celis, J. P. and Lugscheider, E. (1996). "Sliding Wear Behaviour of Thermally Sprayed 75/25 Cr3C2/NiCr Wear Resistant Coatings" Wear (198), 251-266.
[5]. Wang, J., Zhang, L., Sun, B. and Zhou, Y. (2000). "Study of Cr3C2-NiCr Detonation Spray Coating".Surface and Coatings Technology (130), 69-73.