A method for single hard fault detection in linear analog circuits based on simulation before testing approach is proposed in this paper. Simulation before testing approach locates or identifies faulty components of the circuit under test (CUT) by creating a fault dictionary for all the potentially faulty components from the simulation of CUT. In the proposed approach, the CUT is simulated using Modified Nodal Analysis (MNA) to find the values of circuit parameters or diagnosis variables. Test vectors corresponding to the components of CUT are generated from the circuit matrix which act as key feature in identifying the potentially faulty components and are treated as fault dictionary. Test vectors are used to determine the diagnosis variables for testing. The tolerance problems of analog circuit testing as well as the sensitivity of the test vectors to component values affect the practical possibility of the approach. To solve this, test vectors are generated for upper and lower bound values of the components of CUT and testing is performed. A CUT is said to be fault free if the circuit variables are within the fault free range. Fault variables corresponding to the components of CUT are derived and the fault variable which has lowest relative standard deviation is found and the corresponding component is declared as faulty. The proposed approach is tested on bench mark circuits and validated through the results obtained from simulation.

[1]. Shulin Tian, ChengLin Yang, Fanq Chen, Zhen Liu, "Circle Equation Based Fault Modeling Method for Linear Analog Circuits", IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 63 (9):2145-2159, 2014.
[2]. A.D. Spyronasios, M.G. Dimopoulos, A.A. Hatzopoulos," Wavelet analysis for the detection of parametric and catastrophic faults in mixed-signal circuits", IEEE Trans. Instrumentation and Measurement, 60, 2025–2038, 2011.
[3]. Hongzhi Hu, Fang Guan, Xin Huang, "Fault Diagnosis of Analog Circuits with Weighted Mahalnobis Distance Based on Entropy Theory", International Journal of Digital Content Technology and its Applications, Vol.7, No.11, 2013. [4]. C. L. Yang, S. L. Tian, Z. Liu, J. Huang, and F. Chen, "Fault modeling on complex plane and tolerance handling methods for analog circuits," IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 62, No. 10, pp. 2730–2738, 2013. [5]. Y. Gao, C. L. Yang, S. L. Tian, "Methods of Handling the Aliasing and Tolerance Problem for a New Unified Fault Modeling Technique in Analog-Circuit Fault Diagnosis", Advanced Materials Research, Vol 981, pp. 11-16, 2014.

As a part of the Indian Space program, Indian Space Research Organization has been developing and deploying Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites. National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) is responsible for acquiring, processing and disseminating the data products for different users. Pre-processing of satellite data is one of the important steps in satellite data processing. It involves decoding, decompressing and reformatting of the satellite data so that it can be given in an appropriate form to next level of processing. The pre-processing step is time consuming and needs to be optimized to deliver the data products with minimum turnaround time. This paper presents the design and performance analysis of a dynamically scalable multithreaded process

Multi CPU, Multi Core, Multithreading, Data Parallelism, Performance Speedup

Condenser is a device in which heat is transferred from one medium to another across a solid surface. The performance of condenser deteriorates with time due to fouling on the heat transfer surface. It is necessary to assess periodically the condenser performance, in order to maintain at high efficiency level. Industries follow adopted practices to monitor but it is limited to some degree. In this paper, performance monitoring system for a condenser is developed using artificial neural networks (ANNs). Experiments are conducted based on full factorial design of experiments to develop a model using the parameters such as temperatures and flow rates. ANN model for overall heat transfer coefficient of a design/ clean condenser system is developed using a feed forward back propagation neural network and trained. The developed model is validated and tested by comparing the results with the experimental results. This model is used to assess the performance of condenser with the real/fouled system. The performance degradation is expressed using fouling factor (FF), which is derived from the overall heat transfer coefficient of design system and real system. It supports the system to improve the performance by asset utilization, energy efficient and cost reduction in terms of production loss.

Condenser; Full factorial design of experiments(DOE):Artificial neural networks (ANNs); overall heat transfer coefficient; Fouling factor(FF).

[1]. Hisham hassan jasim, "Steam condenser performance evaluation by using neural network", the iraqi journal for mechanical and material engineering, vol.12, no.2, 2012.
[2]. Shaosheng fan, qingchang zhong,"prediction of fouling in condenser based on fuzzy stage identification and chebyshev neural network", measurement science review, volume 13, no. 2, 2013,94.
[3]. C.ahilan, s. kumanan, n. sivakumaran, "online performance assessment of heat exchanger using artificial neural networks". international journal of energy and environment volume 2, issue 5, 2011 pp.829-844.
[4]. Ling-Xiao Zhao, Chun-Lu Zhang, Fin-and-tube condenser performance evaluation using neural networks International journal of refrigeration 33 (2010 ) 625 – 634,ELSEVIER.
[5]. S.M.Zubair,A.K.Sheikh,M.O.Budair and M.A.Badar, "A Maintenance Strategy for Heat Transfer Equipment Subject to Fouling: A Probabilistic Approach". J. Heat Transfer 119(3), 575580 (Aug 01, 1997) (6 pages). ASME.

Detecting emotion from text is a relatively new classification task and advancements in textual analysis have allowed the area of emotion detection to become a recent interest in the field of natural language processing. There is still a question on how to detect emotion from a text input. To solve this problem, this project generates an Emotion Detection Model to extract emotion from text at the sentence level. The proposed methodology does not depend on any existing affect lexicons such as WordNet Affect. Our method detects emotion from a text-input by searching direct emotional key words from that input. To make the detection more accurate, emotion-affect-bearing words and phrases were also analyzed. The experiments show that the method could generate a good result for emotion detection from text input. To detect emotion from text we have considered Ekman‟s six emotions class (joy, sadness, anger, disgust, fear, surprise). Our approach showed above 77% accuracy in detecting emotion from text input.

Language Processing, EmotionEstimation, Methodologies, Experiment, Result &Discussion, Futer Network.

[1]. KaitlynMulcrone. Detecting Emotion in Text.
[2]. J. Wiebe, T. Wilson, R. Bruce, M. Bell and M. Martin.Learning subjective language.Comput. Linguistic, 30(3): 277-308, Sept. 2004
[3]. Jianhua Tao. Context Based Emotion Detection from Text Input.
[4]. A. Balahur, J.M. Hermida, and A. Montoyo. Detecting implicit expressions of sentiment in text based on commonsense knowledge. In Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Computational Approaches to Subjectivity and Sentiment Analysis, WASSA ‟11, pages 53-60, Stroudsburg, PA, USA, 2011. Association for Computational Linguistics.
[5]. F. Keshtkar and D. Inkpen. A corpus-based method for extracting paraphrases of emotion terms. In Proceedings of the NAACL HLT 2010 Workshop on Computational Approaches to Analysis and Generations of Emotion in Text, CAAGET ‟10, pages 34-44, Stroudsburg, PA, USA, 2010. Association for Computational Linguistics.

In this paper the Silicon carbide(SiC) abrasive particles are mixed in dielectric fluid to find out its effect on the performance of EDM. The Electric discharge machining is used particularly when complex shapes are to be produced on the hard materials. The surface roughness is one of the most considerable characteristics in EDM. An good surface finish significantly improves the corrosion resistance, creep life etc. The silicon carbide abrasive mixed dielectric fluid facilitates the bridging effect and it will minimize the insulating strength of the dielectric fluid. The abrasive particle mixed into the dielectric fluid significantly affects the performance of EDM. As a result, it improves the surface finish and the machining efficiency. The regression technique is used to optimize the process parameter combination that yields desirable machining characteristics. The result indicates that the significant parameters found are discharge current and abrasive particle concentration.

Surface roughness, Silicon carbide abrasive, Regression analysis, Dielectric fluid, Abrasive particle size.

[1]. P.pecas, e.henriques, influence of silicon powder-mixed dielectric on conventional edm, Int.j. Mach .tool manuf (2003) vol.43,pp.1465-1471.
[2]. Y.f.tzeng, lee.c.y, effects of powder characteristics on electro discharge machining efficiency, int.j.adv. manuf. technol (2001) vol.17,pp.586-592.
[3]. Kun ling wu,biing hwa yan, improvement of surface finish on skd steel using edm with aluminum and surfactant added dielectric, int.j. Mach .tool& manuf.(2005vol.45,pp.1195-1201.
[4]. G.s.prihandana, m.hamdi, y.s.wong, accuracy improvement in nano graphite powder Suspended dielectric fluid for micro-electrical discharge machining processes, Int.j.adv.manuf.technol (2011) vol.56,pp.143-149.
[5]. Muhammad pervej jahan,mustafiur rahman,yoke san wong, study on the nano- Powder-mixed sinking and milling micro-edm of wc-co, int.j.adv.manuf.technol(2011) vol.53,pp.167-180.

Wireless sensor networks are becoming popular in real world applications. In WSNs, energy utilization has found to be the major interesting part of research due to its characteristics of the resource-constrained and battery-aware sensors. Sensor nodes show the negative properties due to which it exploit the network to gain its higher peak value. So it will becoming necessary to collect all the important information from various nodes and then transferring it in an optimized manner which further helps in reducing the energy consumption by nodes. Ant Colony Optimization is used in optimizing the network lifetime. In this paper, Inter-cluster Ant Colony Optimization algorithm has been used along with rendezvous nodes for transferring the data packets in the wireless sensor network. The improvement has been made in order to reduce the efforts wasted in routing the data packets sent by the nodes which lie very close to each other in a densely deployed network.

ACO, WSN, clustering, Rendezvous points, Mobile Sink

[1]. Peng, J., Chengdong, W., Yunzhou, Z. and Fei, C., "A Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Routing Protocol of Wireless Sensor Networks", Published in IEEE International Conference on Wireless Communication , pp. 1-4, 2011.
[2]. K.Ramesh and Dr. K.Somasundaram , "A Comparative Study Of Cluster Head Selection Algorithms In Wireless Sensor Networks", Published in International Journal of Computer Science & Engineering , vol.2, no.4, 2011. [3]. Mottaghi, Saeid, and Mohammad , " Optimizing the LEACH clustering algorithm along with mobile sink and rendezvous nodes", Published in AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, vol. 69, no. 2, pp: 507-514, 2015. [4]. Javaid, Nadeem, S. N. Mohammad, K. Latif, U. Qasim, Z. A. Khan, and M. A. Khan, "HEER: hybrid energy efficient reactive protocol for wireless sensor networks", Published in IEEE InternationalConference in Electronics, Communications and Photonics, pp. 1-4., 2013.
[5]. Ahlawat, A.and Malik, V, "An Extended Vice-Cluster Selection Approach To Improve V LEACH Protocol In WSN", Published in third IEEE International Conference on Advanced Computing & Communication Technologies, pp.236-240, 2013.

With the advent of Industrial development and mass constructions in various parts of the world, the pollution levels as well as scarcity of construction materials have reached the peak level. Iron manufacturing companies produce large amounts of by - product namely Cinders. It is named as artificial light weight aggregate as it produces low density concretes. In the present day construction, it is used as a bottom or sub grade aggregate in floorings as well as washrooms in buildings and pavement construction. The present investigations involve the use of cinder aggregate in making conventional concrete by replacing the conventional granite and fine aggregate in partial or full amounts. In this paper, the effects of cinder aggregate and cinder powder on mechanical properties of concrete are presented. Cinder aggregates being light in weight, the dead loads of the structure are significantly reduced. Investigations are carried out by replacing the granite coarse aggregate with different percentages of cinder aggregate with water-cement ratio 0.47. Similarly fine aggregate (sand) is replaced by cinder powder partially. A 20 mm nominal size cinder coarse aggregate along with cinder powder were used at different percent replacement levels in conventional M25 grade design mix concrete. Cubes, cylinders and beam specimens of standard sizes are casted and tested for compression, split and flexural tension at 28 days respectively. Test results conclude that cinder is one among the best alternatives for coarse and fine aggregates for making conventional concrete in respect of the properties like density and workability, though the strength development is low at different replacement levels.

Cinder aggregate, cinder powder, Light weight aggregate concrete, Density, workability.

[1]. Dr.V.Bhaskar Desai ,A.Satyam,'Some studies on strength properties of Light weight cinder aggregate concrete', "volume 4 issue 2, feb 2014
[2]. P.S.Raghuprasad, R.satish "Experimental investigations on solid concrete blocks with partial replacement of coarse aggregate with cinder aggregate".
[3]. M.A.Caldrone and R.G.Burg "Development of low density structural light concrete" ACI journal vol.218 feb.2004.
[4]. N.Siva lingaRao , V.Bhaskar Desai "Properties of light weight concrete with cinder and silica fume" , International journal of earth sciences and Engineering , vol 4, No.6, October 2011.
[5]. A text book of "concrete Technology" by M.S.Setty.

Floating point arithmetic has a vast applications in DSP, digital computers, robots due to its ability to represent very small numbers and big numbers as well as signed numbers and unsigned numbers. In spite of complexity involved in floating point arithmetic, its implementation is increasing day by day. Here we compare three different types of adders while calculating the addition of exponent bits while calculating the single precision and double precision floating point multiplication. We also present the multiplication of mantissa/significand bits by decomposition of operands method for IEEE 754 standard multiplication. Here we break down the mantissa bits of each single precision floating point operand into 4 Parts, each of six bits. Likewise we breakdown the mantissa bits of double precision floating point operand into 4 Parts, 3 parts of 13 bits each and one part of 14 Bits. We get 16 partial product terms in each case. Careful addition of these partial product terms are required to get the product of mantissas.

IEEE754, Single Precision Floating Point (SP FP), Double Precision Floating Point (DP FP), Maximum Combinational Path Delay (MCPD).

[1]. B. Fagin and C. Renard, "Field Programmable Gate Arrays and Floating Point Arithmetic," IEEE Transactions on VLS1, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 365-367, 1994.
[2]. N. Shirazi, A. Walters, and P. Athanas, "Quantitative Analysis of Floating Point Arithmetic on FPGA Based Custom Computing Machines," Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on FPGAs for Custom Computing Machines (FCCM"95), pp.155-162, 1995.
[3]. Malik and S. -B. Ko, "A Study on the Floating-Point Adder in FPGAs", in Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE-06), (2006) May, pp. 86–89.
[4]. D. Sangwan and M. K. Yadav, "Design and Implementation of Adder/Subtractor and Multiplication Units for Floating-Point Arithmetic", in International Journal of Electronics Engineering, (2010), pp. 197-203.
[5]. M. K. Jaiswal and R. C. C. Cheung, "High Performance FPGA Implementation of Double Precision Floating Point Adder/Subtractor", in International Journal of Hybrid Information Technology, vol. 4, no. 4, (2011) October.

This paper describes the talismanic role of High Phase Order Transmission System by converting the existing three phase double circuit 400 KV GETCO's (Gujarat Energy Transmission Co.) line in to the Six-phase transmission System. A comparative design study is made in terms of line characteristics, line regulation, transmission efficiency etc., with a brief discussion on the salient features of Six-phase Transmission System with respect to it's counterpart Three Phase Double Circuit System and High Voltage D.C. Transmission (HVDC) System. Both lines are simulated for an assessment of fault currents under different conditions with the same amount of load on both systems. The results obtained are tabulated and graphically plotted for the analysis and readers' perusal.

HPOTS: High Phase Order Transmission System, TPDCS, Three Phase Double Circuit System

[1]. H.P. St. Clair "Practical Concepts in Capability and Performance of Transmission Lines" presented at AIEE Pasific General Meeting, Vancover, B.C. Canada, September,1 ,1953
[2]. R.D. Dunlop, R Gutman and Marchenko, " Analytical Development of Loadability Characteristics for EHV and UHV Transmission Lines" IEEE Trans-PAS-98,1979, Pp.606-617
[3]. J R Stewart , E. Kallaur and I S Grant " Economics of High Phase Order Transmission" IEEE Trans Pas-103,1984, 3386-3392
[4]. T W Kay, R W Sauer , R O Shultz and R A Smith " EHV and UHV Line Loadability Dependence on Var Supply Capability" IEEE Trans Pas-101,1982, 3568-3575.
[5]. S N Tiwari And A S Saroor " An Investigation Into Loadability Characteristics of EHV High Phase Order Transmission Lines" IEEE, Trans on Power System Vol,10.No:3 August,1995

The effect of magnetic saturation was to be included in the performance analysis of an earlier refurbished single-phase induction motor. The approach was to determine the machine saturation factor by means of a numerical manual computation and to have this factor duly applied on the machine reactances by means of which the saturated version of its reactances were obtained. The latter reactances were then used to realize the required performance parameters of the motor with the non-linear influence of saturation thus included. In this paper, the author details the numerical computations that yielded the saturation factor as Ksat =1.18. The saturated machine reactances were then computed giving the value 2.29Ω each for the stator winding reactance and the rotor winding reactance (referred to the stator), and the value 92.79Ω for the magnetizing reactance. Thus, not less than a 15.24% general decrease in the motor reactances was observed. Also, by numerical computations, the motor efficiency, running and starting torques were valued 68.4%, 7.80N-m and 8.14N-m, respectively. Other significant parameters determined under saturation include the input current, no-load current and iron losses whose values were 8.65A, 4.28A and 131.16W, respectively. All these conduced to a 2.92% decrease in the motor efficiency and a 17.1% increase in starting torque, whilst the net output power (in kW) and the motor input power factor (in p.u.) remained virtually unchanged.

This research aims to explore the latest holistic approach of one of the latest engineering technology in architecture –Biomimicry in reference to impact and influence it has on architecture as science and the society in general. Investigation will be done by analyzing economic, environmental and scientific changes that Biomimicry design may provoke. Methodology used in this article is comprised of previous theories and models in other articles, and also implications of the model for social and economic aspect. This study examines Biomimicry theory and presents a model which is most applicable to architecture. It is expected that this research will provide information on extend of impact that architectural design will have on mentioned areas and therefore create buildings that provide greater comfort to the inhabitants.

[1]. Bártolo, P. J., Chua, C. K., Almeida, H. A., & Chou, S. M. (2009). Biomanufacturing for tissue engineering: Present and future trends. Virtual and Physical Prototyping . [2]. Bartos, O. J., & Wehr, P. (2002). Using Conflict Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [3]. Benyus, J. M. (1997). Biomimicry Innovation Inspired by Nature. New York. [4]. Birkeland, J. (2012). Design Blindness in Sustainable Development: From Closed to Open Systems Design Thinking. Journal of Urban Design .

The number of Physically Challenged people, who wants to move around with the help of some artificial means, whether through illness or an accident, is continuously increasing. Driving a wheelchair in domestic environments is a difficult task for a normal person and becomes even more difficult for people with arms or hands impairments. In this project we used Accelerometer, ultrasonic and infrared sensor systems has been integrated in this wheelchair. We have a Pre fabricated Wheel Chair which can be driven with using Accelerometer and with the possibility of avoiding obstacles using IR sensor and downstairs or hole detection using Ultrasonic Sensor. Intended users control the system by wearing a glove fitted with accelerometer for controlling the movement and direction of the wheelchair. The MEMS sensor senses the angle of the hand, i.e. according to the tilt of hand it gives voltages to microcontroller. The main advantage of this wheelchair is low cost, low power consumption, easy to control.

Wheelchair, ADXL335 Accelerometer, GSAS 51E Microcontroller Board, GSAS ADC0816, IR Sensor, DC Motor Driver, Battery, DC Motors, Physically Handicapped.

[1]. Amundson JS, Amundson SG,"A joystick controlled wheelchair",Biomed Sci Instrum .1991; 27:131-3.
[2]. 2007 4th international conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ICEEE 2007) Mexico City, Mexico. September 5-7, 2007
[3]. http://mafija.fmf.unilj.si/seminar/files/2007_2008/MEMS_ accelerometers-koncna.pdf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerometer
[4]. Sangmeshwar S. Kendreet. Al, "Voice activated Multiprocessor embedded System to improve the control of a motorized wheelchair", International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, vol 2(11), pp 6812-6818, 2010.
[5]. Lincoln A. Jaros Richard C. Simpson Yoram Koren Senior Member IEEE Simon P. Levine, David A. Bell and IEEEi Johann Borenstein, Member, "The navchair assistive wheelchair navigation system," IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON REHABILITATION ENGINEERING, 1999.
[6]. Mahaboob Ali Shaik M.Prathyusha, K. S. Roy, "Voice and touch screen based direction and speed control sof wheel chair for physically challenged using arduino,"

Heat pumps are used for heating and hot water supply in industries. By using heat pumps, we can make the best use of waste heat available in industries. In recycling paper industries we use boilers for production of steam, which is used in drying section, but here we are trying to use heat pump in place of boiler for production of steam, by which the efficiency of the drying section increases. We designed a heat pump model for the setup and simulated using ASPEN PLUS software. For our design we selected methanol as refrigerant.

heat pump, recycling Kraft mill, methanol, ASPEN PLUS, boiler.

[1]. Prashant Kumar, Rahul Sharma, "Design of Capillary Expansion Device Used in Vapor Compression Refrigeration System", International Journal of Latest Research in Science and Technology. May-June (2012).
[2]. R. A. Peixoto, C. W. Bullard, "A Simulation And Design Model For Capillary Tube-Suction Line Heat Exchangers", International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference, School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs, 2008
[3]. Torge Pfafferott, Gerhard Schmitz, "Modeling And Simulation Of Refrigeration Systems With The Natural Refrigerant Co2," International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference , School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs, 2002.
[4]. Necati Kocyigit, Huseyin Bulgurcu, Cheng-Xian Lin, "Fault Diagnosis of a Vapor Compression Refrigeration System with Hermetic Reciprocating Compressor Based on P-H Diagram," International Journal of Refrigeration, 2014.
[5]. J. Perko, V. Dugec, "Calculation and Design of the Heat Pumps," third international youth conference on energetic 2011.Portugal.
[6]. Seongwoo Woo, Dennis L. O'Neal, "Reliability Design of the Newly Designed Reciprocating Compressor for a Refrigerator," International Compressor Engineering Conference School of Mechanical Engineering. Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs, 2006.

Case study shows that International Mother's day being celebrated every year on different themes to focus the importance of motherhood, child, breastfeed etc. In the year 2015, World Breastfeed week being observed from August 1 to August 7.

i) Right Seed is like DHARMAM (Love)
ii) Left Seed is like KARMAM (Mercy)
iii) Center Seed is like BRAHMAM (Hope)

1. YUGADI WISHES (IARA, March 2015)
2. TAMIL PUTHANDU!... (AJER, April 2015)
3. THEN MADURAI?... (IJERD, April 2015)
4. TAMIL NEW YEAR COOL DRINK?... (AJER, April 2015)
5. SCIENTIFIC RAMANUJAM?... (IJERD, April 2015)

In the present study, the enhancement of forced convective heat transfer of Al2O3-Water+ ethylene glycol nano fluid in an automobile radiator has been experimentally studied. In this study, different volume fractions of nanofluids in the range of 0.01 to 0.08 % were prepared with the addition of Al2O3 nanoparticles into the water and sonicated using ultrasonic sonicator for 2 hours for getting stable suspension. Maximum heat transfer performance for 0.08% volume fraction was found 48 % higher compared to water. The effective thermal conductivity of nanofluid is increased with increase in particle concentration which leads to increase the radiator cooling performance. The coolant flow rate is varied from 3 lpm to 15 lpm. It is observed that with increase in flow rate heat transfer performance increases.

Forced convection heat transfer, nano fluids, Al2O3-Water+ethylene glycol.

[1]. S.U.S. Choi, Enhancing thermal conductivity of fluids with nanoparticles, in:The Proceedings of the 1995 ASME Int. Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, ASME, San Francisco, USA, 1995, pp. 99e105. FED 231/MD 66.
[2]. Zoubida Haddad, cherifa Abid, Hakan F. oztop, Amina mataoui, A review on how the researchers prepare their nanofluids. Int.J of thermal sciences 76(2014)168-189.
[3]. A.K singh, thermal conductivity of nanofluids. Defence science journal, 58(5) (2008) 600-607.
[4]. Xiaohao Wei , Haitao Zhu, Tiantian Kong, Liqiu Wang, synthesis and thermal conductivity of cu2o nanofluid. Int. J. of. H&MT 52(2009) 4371-4374.
[5]. Pooyan Razi, M.A Akhavan-Behabadi, M.saeedinia, Pressure drop and thermal characteristics of cuo-base nanofluid laminar flow in flattend tubes under constant heat flux. Int. communication in heat and mass transfer 38(2011) 964-971.

...

...

[1]. TEXT BOOKS REFERRED:
[2]. Programming Interactivity
[3]. A Designer's Guide to Processing, Arduino, and Open frameworks by Joshua Noble
[4]. Arduino programming by Brian W Evans
[5]. WEBSITES VIEWED:

Distributed generation (DG) has gained a lot of attractions in the power sector due to its ability in power loss reduction, increased reliability, low investment cost, and most significantly, to exploit renewable energy resources like wind, photo-voltaic and micro-turbines, which produce power with minimum greenhouse-gas emissions. The installation of DG units into distribution system requires efficient expansion planning technique to minimize the investment and operation cost of the system.. In this paper, a new mixed integer nonlinear model for solving the multistage distribution system network planning problem including DG has been developed. The model is able to deal with different planning scenarios such as buying energy from a nearby electric distribution company through an intertie, upgrading substations, upgrading feeders or investing in DG units. The model takes into account the operational constraints of equipment capacities and voltage limits as well as the dynamic load growth. Finally, the developed mathematical mixed integer model was applied to minimize the planning cost of the studied distribution network including DG units. The implemented mixed integer nonlinear planning model is coded using LINGO V14 optimization software.

Distributed Generation, Distribution System, Mixed Integer non-linear Model, Expansion planning, System Optimization.

[1]. Loi Lei Lai and Tze Fun Chan, Distributed generation induction and permanent magnet generators. Chichester, England ; Hoboken, NJ: IEEE/Wiley.
[2]. S. S. Duttagupta and C. Singh, "A reliability assessment methodology for distribution systems with distributed generation," in Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2006. IEEE, 2006, p. 7 pp.
[3]. P. Chiradeja and R. Ramakumar, "An approach to quantify the technical benefits of distributed generation," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 19, pp. 764-773, 2004.
[4]. M. Pipattanasomporn, M. Willingham, and S. Rahman, "Implications of on-site distributed generation for commercial/industrial facilities," Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 20, pp. 206-212, 2005.
[5]. L. Goel and R. Billinton, "Determination of reliability worth for distribution system planning," Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 9, pp. 1577-1583, 1994.

Alcohol is a general term denoting of organic chemicals with common properties and members of family includes ethanol, methanol, isopropanol and others. Case study shows that increased alcoholic deaths occurs globally and alcoholic death as per 2001 statistics in US is 75,754. In UK 3.6% of total cancer cases caused by alcoholic drink. WINE DIFFERS FROM ALCOHOL?...

...

1. YUGADI WISHES (IARA, March 2015)
2. TAMIL PUTHANDU!... (AJER, April 2015)
3. THEN MADURAI?... (IJERD, April 2015)
4. TAMIL NEW YEAR COOL DRINK?... (AJER, April 2015)
5. SCIENTIFIC RAMANUJAM?... (IJERD, April 2015)

This paper review on surface quality evaluation in electrophoretic deposition assisted polishing (EPDAP) of steel and other materials. Surface roughness is an important parameter to determine surface quality and hence is also a critical response parameter in EPDAP. EPDAP is recent development and is capable to generate at the order of nanometres also essential to increase the life of any part, which is subjected to repeated reversal stress. Surface quality of electrophoretic deposited polished part depends upon for important parameters EPD polishing parameters, workpeice parameter, tool parameter and EPD parameter due to which over all surface roughness is reduced. This paper gives some background of EPDAP of steel as well as other material for better surface finish.

Surface roughness, polishing, EPDAP, stainless steel, Taguchi, polishing parameter.

[1]. Y. S. Gaikhe, A. M. Chavan and R. S. Pawade, "Surface Topography Analysis in Electrophoretic – Assisted Polishing of AISI 316L Stainless Steel" Material and Manufacturing Process, 28 (6) 676-682, 07 Jun 2013.
[2]. Y. S. Gaike, "3D Surface Characterization of Electrophoretic Deposition Assisted Polishing Of SS316l", M.Tech Thesis, Dr. BATU, 2011.
[3]. R. S. Pawade, M. Rayte, P. Ingle, S. Paritkar, "Some Investigation on Surface Characteristics of SS304 Using Electrophoretic Deposition Assisted Polishing EPDAP", B. Satyanavayana, K.Ramji (Eds), Proceeding of 3rd International and 24th AIMTDR Conference Andra University's College Of Engineering, Vizag, December 13-15, pp. 51-56, 2010.
[4]. H. P. Tsui , B. H. Yan, W. T. Wo and S. T. Hsu, " A Study on Stainless Steel Mirror Surface Polishing by Using The Electrophoretic Deposition Method", International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacturing,47 (12-13), pp.1965-1970, 2007.
[5]. B. H Yan, K. L. Wu, F. Huang, C. Hsu, " A Study on The Mirror Surface Machining by Using A Micro-Energy EDM and The Electrophoretic Deposition Polishing", International Journal of Advance Manufacturing Technology, 34, pp.96-103, 2007.

Recent years have seen a remarkable transformation in the way India shops and trades. The advent of this disruptive revolution among Indian consumers has led to a new wave in organized retail. E-commerce has taken the world of retail by storm and captivated the imagination of an entire generation of entrepreneurs, with e-commerce ventures with various business and commercial models. With this optimistic change in Indian e-market, there is humongous potential for ecommerce companies owing to the growing internet user base and advancements in technology. The primary objective behind the current study is to understand the online shopping behaviour in India and how the e-retailers can accelerate their growth in India.

Ecommerce, Online shopping, Indian customers, Mobile, Analytics, Big Data, e-Tail, Marketing strategies, Technology, e-Retailers,

[1]. Ecommerce in India Accelerating growth, by PWC, 2015.
[2]. Bellman, S., Lohse, G., Johnson, E.J.,―Predictors of online buying behavior‖, Association for Computing Machinery. Communications of the ACM, 42(12), pp. 32-38, 1999.
[3]. Bhatnagar, A, Misra, S., Rao, H. R.,―Online risk, convenience, and Internet shopping behavior‖, Communications of the ACM (43:11), pp. 98-105, 2000.
[4]. Donthu, N.; Garcia, A.,―The Internet shopper‖, Journal of Advertising Research, Vol. 39, No. 3, pp. 52-58, 1999.
[5]. Maignan, I.; Lukas, B.,―The nature and social uses of the Internet: a qualitative investigation‖, Journal of Consumer Affairs, Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 346-371, 1997.

In this paper, a fuzzy soft set approach is proposed for mining association patterns from a transactional data set.This approach is proposed to capture the uncertain item relationships in data sets and enhance the precision in association rule mining. The transactional data set is represented as soft set using the concept of parameter co-occurrences in the transaction. Thus, each transaction is transformed into soft transaction to generate soft transactional dataset. For the fuzzy parameters present in the transactions, the fuzzy membership is determined and used to transform the soft transactional data set into fuzzy soft transactional dataset. The mining of association patterns is performed on the fuzzy soft transactional data set. The fuzzy soft set approach has been illustrated with the help of an example and experiment on a real world data set. The results of fuzzy soft set approach have been compared with those obtained by traditional, fuzzy set and soft set approaches for mining association patterns. The fuzzy soft set approach gives better picture of association relationship, confidence levels and is helpful in addressing the issues of under-prediction and over-prediction of association patterns.

Fuzzy Soft set, Soft Set, Fuzzy soft transaction, Fuzzy soft Association pattern

[1]. Agrawal R, Imieliński T, Swami A Mining association rules between sets of items in large databases. In: International conference on Management of data, 1993. ACM SIGMOD pp 207-216
[2]. Agrawal R, Srikant R Fast Algorithms for Mining Association Rules in Large Databases. In: Proceedings of 20th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases, 1994. pp 487-499
[3]. Aktas H, Cagman N (2007) Soft Sets and soft Groups. Information Sciences 177:2726-2735
[4]. Ali MI, Feng F, Liu X, Min WK, Shabir M (2009) On some new operations in soft set theory. Computers and Mathematics with Apllications 57:1547-1553
[5]. Atanassov K (1986) Intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Fuzzy Sets and Systems 20:87-96